I usually take the newest openSUSE kernel (from repository
Kernel_stable). But since some month I have a DVB T2 HD card, which
requires a patch (see https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=194171).
So I need to compile kernels myself. I have a working compilation path.
But the current path has 12 steps! It takes some time. I wonder, why it
is so complicated to configure, compile and install a Kernel under openSUSE.
Is there a better/easier/automated way to configure, compile and install
a Kernel under openSUSE?
I know this blog article. But the article uses Vanilla kernels and also
needs 6 steps. With additional patches (4 steps), third-party modules (2
steps) and cleanup (1 step) the article would also need 13 steps:
Compiling the Linux Kernel, the SUSE way
https://www.suse.com/communities/blog/compiling-de-linux-kernel-suse-way/
This is my Kernel configuration, compilation and installation path:
1. Update kernel-source and kernel-default from Kernel_stable repository
2. Save kernel-source: cp -a /usr/src/linux-4.x.y-...
/usr/src/linux-4.x.y-my
3. Apply my patches
cd /usr/src/linux-4.x.y-my
patch -b -p1 < ~myuser/.../my-kernel-patch.patch
4. Copy standard configuration:
cd /usr/src/linux-4.x.y-my
cp -v /boot/config-4.11.4-1.gcba98ee-default .config
5. Edit .config:
remove CONFIG_LOCALVERSION, CONFIG_DEBUG_KERNEL, CONFIG_EXPERT
remove some hardware-dependent settings
6. edit configuration interactively:
Disable CONFIG_EXPERT and CONFIG_DEBUG_KERNEL, because otherwise
"make binrpm-pkg" creates huge kernel binaries.
make oldconfig
[...]
Local version - append to kernel release (LOCALVERSION) [] (NEW) -my1
*
* Configure standard kernel features (expert users)
*
Configure standard kernel features (expert users) (EXPERT) [N/y/?]
(NEW)
Kernel debugging (DEBUG_KERNEL) [N/y/?] (NEW)
make menuconfig
Do some additional configuration.
7. Compile kernel
(-j4 for four processor cores, ionice and nice to reduce the load,
binrpm-pkg for RPM without source-RPM)
make clean
nice ionice -c idle make -j4 binrpm-pkg
8. Install the kernel RPM package
rpm -Uvh /usr/src/packages/RPMS/x86_64/kernel-4.x.y_my1-....x86_64.rpm
9. Install necessary symbolic links for "dkms"
cd /lib/modules/4.x.y-my1
ln -sv /usr/src/linux-4.x.y-my source
ln -sv /usr/src/linux-4.x.y-my build
10. Update third-party modules (e.g. Nvidia driver):
dkms install -m nvidia -v 375.66 -k 4.x.y-my1
11. Cleanup
cd /usr/src/linux-4.x.y-my
make clean
12. Select Grub configuration and reboot
grub2-once --list | less
grub2-once 2
reboot
Greetings,
Björn
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On Wednesday 03 July 2002 03:38, Michael wrote:
> I tried to visit this site.
> http://www.bet365.com
> The result upset me so much i sent them this.
I sent the letter below, and I encourage everyone on the list to send a
similar letter.
-----------------------------------------
Subject: Create a Real Web Site Please
From: Bryan S. Tyson <bryantyson(a)earthlink.net>
To: webmaster(a)bet365.com
When attempting to view your site using Konqueror 2.2.1 and Mozilla
0.9.4, both Linux web browsers, I was curtly informed that my browser
is "incompatible." Your site, sir, is what is "incompatible." Stick
with established standards and real html, not Microsoft proprietary
"features."
***************************************************
Powered by SuSE Linux 7.3 Professional
KDE 2.2.1 KMail 1.3.1
This is a Microsoft-free computer
Bryan S. Tyson
bryantyson(a)earthlink.net
***************************************************
We have an winNT server and need to auto mount a shared folder as if it were a
windose mapped drive Z: on SuSE8
Could someone please explain how to do this and how to make sure it is set-up
for every user everytime the system is booted.
Thanks
Regards
Keith Jacobs
New to Linux
I just tried to attach an iPad to my openSUSE 15.0 system, via USB. I
think I've done it before, but this time it fails. Dmesg has:
[9787970.148053] usb 3-9: new high-speed USB device number 96 using xhci_hcd
[9787970.302089] usb 3-9: New USB device found, idVendor=05ac, idProduct=12a2
[9787970.302091] usb 3-9: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[9787970.302092] usb 3-9: Product: iPad
[9787970.302093] usb 3-9: Manufacturer: Apple Inc.
[9787970.302094] usb 3-9: SerialNumber: c4088xxxxxserialxredacted
[9787971.044264] ipheth 3-9:4.2: Apple iPhone USB Ethernet device attached
[9787991.101146] pool[16789]: segfault at 0 ip 00007f6ada593ef1 sp 00007f6ad6203bd8 error 4 in libc-2.26.so[7f6ada43a000+1b1000]
Anybody have any idea what the problem is?
Thanks, Dave
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Hi list,
speaking about software raid, not hardware controller based.
I am trying to go for some local OpenSuse machine and adding some
storage to it. Was considering Raid6, and now reading about a bit and
people left and right scaremongering about the larger the disks these
days in the double digit terabyte capacities even, the more likely it
is that during a reconstruction of a raid subsequent errors would
occur.
I would absolutely like to keep my data consistent, and I am not
thinking about double digit terabytes either, would stick to 2TB or
4TB disks, with Raid6 thats at least 4 physical drives.
Now I am wondering if it possible to use a good robust file system
that can add some more parity or check blocks or redundancy on top of
the hardware disks, to absolutely be able to always read my data.
I can't add multiple machines or like those high availability stuff
like clusters and what not I read about DRBD (Distributed Replicated
Block Device), or maybe I am just too scared by those technical terms
or consider myself to be just a simpleton and wanting to keep it
rather simple.
My use case here is also not constant availablity, when a disk needs
to be replaced, so be it, but I don't want to lose my data that I can
not ever read certain parts of it again or such stuff.
The thing that came to my mind was, if there is some file systems that
would add redundancy and robustness onto the mdraid system of the
linux kernel?
Anyone with some useful insights? Roughly speaking, I was considering
some simple pcie esata interfaced controller card and an external case
enclosure with esata port and portmulitplier stuff inside, that can
present at least 4 physical disks as JBOD, just a bunch of disks, so
that the Linux can seem them all separately.
Speed and rebuild times are not my concern, but data persistence and
data integrity. Not even number of physical disks, I could live with
even one of those 8 bay device enclosures and cases that are out there
on the market.
Thanks for any help and hints.
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Hi,
I have one disk that is giving me problems with the smartd daemon. I get
this in the log:
<3.6> 2018-10-21T13:45:23.829155+02:00 Isengard smartd 1173 - - Device: /dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0:0 [SAT], state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_WD80EZAZ_11TDBA0-2TKST2SD.ata.state
<3.6> 2018-10-21T13:45:24.483719+02:00 Isengard smartd 11255 - - Device: /dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0:0 [SAT], opened
<3.6> 2018-10-21T13:45:24.484570+02:00 Isengard smartd 11255 - - Device: /dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0:0 [SAT], WDC WD80EZAZ-11TDBA0, S/N:2TKST2SD, WWN:5-000cca-26af51579, FW:83.H0A83, 8.00 TB
<3.6> 2018-10-21T13:45:24.503334+02:00 Isengard smartd 11255 - - Device: /dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0:0 [SAT], not found in smartd database.
<3.6> 2018-10-21T13:45:24.525071+02:00 Isengard smartd 11255 - - Device: /dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0:0 [SAT], enabled SMART Attribute Autosave.
<3.6> 2018-10-21T13:45:24.530486+02:00 Isengard smartd 11255 - - Device: /dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0:0 [SAT], enabled SMART Automatic Offline Testing.
<3.6> 2018-10-21T13:45:24.535003+02:00 Isengard smartd 11255 - - Device: /dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0:0 [SAT], is SMART capable. Adding to "monitor" list.
<3.6> 2018-10-21T13:45:24.535627+02:00 Isengard smartd 11255 - - Device: /dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0:0 [SAT], state read from /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_WD80EZAZ_11TDBA0-2TKST2SD.ata.state
<3.6> 2018-10-21T13:45:24.880219+02:00 Isengard smartd 11255 - - Device: /dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0:0 [SAT], state written to /var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.WDC_WD80EZAZ_11TDBA0-2TKST2SD.ata.state
<3.6> 2018-10-21T14:15:25.233525+02:00 Isengard smartd 11255 - - Device: /dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0:0 [SAT], SMART Usage Attribute: 194 Temperature_Celsius changed from 147 to 144
<3.6> 2018-10-21T15:45:31.681938+02:00 Isengard smartd 11255 - - Device: /dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0:0 [SAT], not capable of SMART self-check
<3.2> 2018-10-21T15:45:33.632399+02:00 Isengard smartd 11255 - - Device: /dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0:0 [SAT], failed to read SMART Attribute Data
<3.6> 2018-10-21T16:15:24.678100+02:00 Isengard smartd 11255 - - Device: /dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0:0 [SAT], read SMART Attribute Data worked again, warning condition reset after 1 email
<3.6> 2018-10-21T18:15:31.767150+02:00 Isengard smartd 11255 - - Device: /dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0:0 [SAT], not capable of SMART self-check
<3.2> 2018-10-21T18:15:33.717688+02:00 Isengard smartd 11255 - - Device: /dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0:0 [SAT], failed to read SMART Attribute Data
<3.6> 2018-10-21T18:45:24.587304+02:00 Isengard smartd 11255 - - Device: /dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0:0 [SAT], read SMART Attribute Data worked again, warning condition reset after 1 email
It intermitently but periodically fail to read atributes, triggering
hundreds of emails sent to me to warn of the problem:
+++------------
Subject: SMART error (FailedReadSmartData) detected on host: Isengard
This message was generated by the smartd daemon running on:
host name: Isengard
DNS domain: valinor
The following warning/error was logged by the smartd daemon:
Device: /dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0:0 [SAT],
failed to read SMART Attribute Data
Device info:
WDC WD80EZAZ-11TDBA0, S/N:2TKST2SD, WWN:5-000cca-26af51579, FW:83.H0A83, 8.00 TB
For details see host's SYSLOG.
You can also use the smartctl utility for further investigation.
Another message will be sent in 24 hours if the problem persists.
- ------------++-
The disk is indeed smart capable and it works fine, as long as I call
smartctl with "-d sat,16", which I do:
Isengard:~ # smartctl --test=short -d sat,16 /dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0\:0
smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.4.155-68-default] (SUSE RPM)
Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION ===
Sending command: "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode".
Drive command "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful.
Testing has begun.
Please wait 2 minutes for test to complete.
Test will complete after Sun Oct 21 13:50:18 2018
Use smartctl -X to abort test.
Isengard:~ #
Isengard:~ # smartctl --health -d sat,16 /dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0\:0
smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.4.155-68-default] (SUSE RPM)
Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
Isengard:~ #
It is crucial to use "-d sat,16" or it fails:
Isengard:~ # smartctl --health
/dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0\:0
smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.4.155-68-default] (SUSE RPM)
Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
/dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0:0: Unknown USB bridge [0x1058:0x25ee (0x4004)]
Please specify device type with the -d option.
Use smartctl -h to get a usage summary
Isengard:~ #
Of course I use that option on the config:
Isengard:~ # cat /etc/smartd.conf | egrep -v "^[[:space:]]*$|^#"
/dev/sda -a -o on -S on -s (S/../.././02|L/../../6/03) -m root(a)telcontar.valinor
/dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x5000000000000001 -a -o on -S on -s (S/../.././02|L/../../6/03) -m root(a)telcontar.valinor
/dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x5000c5009399305f -a -o on -S on -s (S/../.././02|L/../../6/03) -m root(a)telcontar.valinor
/dev/disk/by-id/usb-WD_My_Book_25EE_32544B5354325344-0:0 -d sat,16 -a -o on -S on -s (S/../.././02|L/../../6/03) -m root(a)telcontar.valinor
Isengard:~ #
What else am I missing? Is smartd not using "-d sat,16" somewhere else? Is
it some other problem?
Isengard:~ # rpm -q smartmontools
smartmontools-6.6-135.1.x86_64
Isengard:~ #
- --
Cheers
Carlos E. R.
(from 42.3 x86_64 "Malachite" at Telcontar)
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Hello List
am using Xfce : - in /var/log/warn : i see warning
" The gnome keyring socket is not owned with the same credentials as
the user login: /run/user/1000/keyring-4i77r7/control
2013-11-27T13:27:17.434100+02:00 su: gkr-pam: couldn't unlock the login
keyring "
...............
- any ideas how to fix ?
thanks
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On 27/06/17 12:22, Paul Groves wrote:
>
> On 27/06/17 08:34, Aaron Digulla wrote:
>> xmodmap -pke | less
>
> These keycodes do not seem to match the system. For example in the
> output of this command it says:
>
> keycode 158 = XF86WWW NoSymbol XF86WWW
>
> I ran setkeycodes e020 158
>
> When I press the e020 (Internet) button xev says I have pressed code
> 166 (Back button).
>
> How on earth has this happened? I specified 158 not 166. What have I
> done wrong?
>
>
Just been emailed this link:
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/49650/how-to-get-keycodes-for-xmod…
To quote this article:
Here you can see keycode 97 is unused on my system:
|keycode 94 = less greater less greater bar brokenbar keycode 95 = F11
XF86Switch_VT_11 F11 XF86Switch_VT_11 keycode 96 = F12 XF86Switch_VT_12
F12 XF86Switch_VT_12 keycode 97 = keycode 98 = Katakana NoSymbol
Katakana keycode 99 = Hiragana NoSymbol Hiragana |
The keycode X uses and the keycode the kernel uses are OFF BY 8 for
"historical reasons". So take 97 - 8 = 89 and use 89 with the
setkeycodes command (again as root):
So to make my vol - button work (xmodmap keycode 122 -8 = 114)
setkeycodes e01e 114
This has worked! I have re-mapped apl the buttons apart from my hotkeys.
>> No but there are lots of uncommon keycodes which you can use. For
>> example, F13-F35 or KP_F1...KP_F4.
>
> In the output of the command xmodmap -pke | less there are no codes
> for F13-F35 or KP_F1 etc
>
> I would like to set HK1 - HK4 to F13 - F16 How do I find the keycodes
> for these buttons
Still looking for the keycodes for F13-16
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Just a word to say what did a friend of mine.
He had a laptop he liked, but the disk died and it was an IDE disk.
So no possibility to set a new disk: ide laptop disks are difficult to
find, and sata disk with interface do not fit.
But msata do. And you can find easily cheap ide to msata converters, and
now msata disks are pretty cheap (last one I buy last week, 250Gb for 37€
laptop saved from obsolescence :-)
jdd
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Darryl Gregorash wrote:
> On 2019-02-27 07:22 PM, Anton Aylward wrote:
[snip]
>> And it seems Steve has done a 4th edition by himself with
>> Addison-Wesley. "Linux Firewalls: Enhancing Security with nftables
>> and Beyond 4th Edition"
> I did note that book in my meandering. My first question was, "What
> the <bleep> is nftables?" But please, no one hijack the thread on my
> account -- if I'm really interested, I'll open another one :D
nftables is the latest evolution - we started out with ipchains (1999?),
then iptables, now nftables (2014?). c't (German computer magazine)
has done a couple of decent articles - in 2015 and quite recently, in
january I think.
> But I'd be far more satisfied if someone would write a decent GUI
> interface to at least one of these things.
I think any GUI will also come with a straight jacket of assumptions
(for good reason) - if you want out, you have to abandon the GUI.
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http://www.cloudsuisse.com/ - your owncloud, hosted in Switzerland.
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