this DV6000 is running 11.4 as it only holds 2gig memory. root is filling up there was once 4gig free now down to 1.5 gig end of last year and now only 1.3 gig. Where do I look for the problem?? ls -l / total 124 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 3 2015 bin drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jun 13 2015 boot drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Feb 27 2011 CD1 drwxr-xr-x 19 root root 4200 Mar 9 16:17 dev drwxr-xr-x 143 root root 12288 Mar 11 19:18 etc drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 128 Sep 15 2017 home drwxr-xr-x 20 root root 12288 Aug 1 2017 lib drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Aug 2 2012 lost+found drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 9 16:18 media drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 18 2011 mnt drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Sep 28 2014 opt dr-xr-xr-x 173 root root 0 Mar 9 08:15 proc drwx------ 44 root root 4096 Mar 11 19:48 root drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 12288 Aug 1 2017 sbin drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 18 2011 selinux drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Sep 28 2014 srv drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 0 Mar 9 16:15 sys drwxrwxrwt 45 root root 24576 Mar 11 19:45 tmp drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 4096 Mar 2 2011 usr drwxr-xr-x 17 root root 4096 Sep 29 2014 var CWSIV ____________________________________________________________ Sponsored by https://www.newser.com/?utm_source=part&utm_medium=uol&utm_campaign=rss_taglines_more City Nears First Reparations http://thirdpartyoffers.juno.com/TGL3131/604ae65685cfe6656664bst02vuc1 New Cuomo Accusation Referred to Police http://thirdpartyoffers.juno.com/TGL3131/604ae656a9e9a6656664bst02vuc2 A JPG File Just Sold for $69M http://thirdpartyoffers.juno.com/TGL3131/604ae656cd19b6656664bst02vuc3
On 12.03.2021 06:54, Carl Spitzer {L Juno} wrote:
this DV6000 is running 11.4 as it only holds 2gig memory.
root is filling up there was once 4gig free now down to 1.5 gig end of last year and now only 1.3 gig.
Where do I look for the problem??
ls -l / total 124 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 3 2015 bin drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jun 13 2015 boot drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Feb 27 2011 CD1 drwxr-xr-x 19 root root 4200 Mar 9 16:17 dev drwxr-xr-x 143 root root 12288 Mar 11 19:18 etc drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 128 Sep 15 2017 home drwxr-xr-x 20 root root 12288 Aug 1 2017 lib drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Aug 2 2012 lost+found drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 9 16:18 media drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 18 2011 mnt drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Sep 28 2014 opt dr-xr-xr-x 173 root root 0 Mar 9 08:15 proc drwx------ 44 root root 4096 Mar 11 19:48 root drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 12288 Aug 1 2017 sbin drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 18 2011 selinux drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Sep 28 2014 srv drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 0 Mar 9 16:15 sys drwxrwxrwt 45 root root 24576 Mar 11 19:45 tmp drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 4096 Mar 2 2011 usr drwxr-xr-x 17 root root 4096 Sep 29 2014 var
"df -h" output would be more useful.
On Fri, 2021-03-12 at 08:08 +0300, Andrei Borzenkov wrote:
"df -h" output would be more useful.
df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on rootfs 20G 17G 1.3G 94% / devtmpfs 1000M 436K 1000M 1% /dev tmpfs 1006M 9.1M 997M 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda6 20G 17G 1.3G 94% / /dev/sda7 30G 25G 4.6G 85% /home CWSIV ____________________________________________________________ Sponsored by https://www.newser.com/?utm_source=part&utm_medium=uol&utm_campaign=rss_taglines_more George Floyd's Family Settles With City for Record Sum http://thirdpartyoffers.juno.com/TGL3131/604bf48ba03bf748b08d2st01vuc1 Cuomo Just Lost Support of a Pivotal Group http://thirdpartyoffers.juno.com/TGL3131/604bf48bc3f66748b08d2st01vuc2 Police Were Alerted to Suspect Days Before Sarah Everard Died http://thirdpartyoffers.juno.com/TGL3131/604bf48be7378748b08d2st01vuc3
On 13.03.2021 02:07, Carl Spitzer {L Juno} wrote:
On Fri, 2021-03-12 at 08:08 +0300, Andrei Borzenkov wrote:
"df -h" output would be more useful.
df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on rootfs 20G 17G 1.3G 94% / devtmpfs 1000M 436K 1000M 1% /dev tmpfs 1006M 9.1M 997M 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda6 20G 17G 1.3G 94% /
So start with du -x -d 1 / and drill down directories which consume the most amount of space.
/dev/sda7 30G 25G 4.6G 85% /home
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Carl Spitzer {L Juno} composed on 2021-03-11 22:54 (UTC-0500):
this DV6000 is running 11.4 as it only holds 2gig memory.
root is filling up there was once 4gig free now down to 1.5 gig end of last year and now only 1.3 gig.
Where do I look for the problem??
I always start in /var/log/, particularly in /var/log/journal/ if it exists. I haven't booted 11.4 in a very long time, and don't remember when openSUSE adopted a systemd journal option. IIRC, full-on systemd happened around 12.3, but 12.1 is where it may have surfaced, maybe sooner. Antique logs and caches certainly aren't needed. Check the /var/cache/zypp/packages/ tree. How many kernels are installed? An installation that old ought to be fine with only one, two at the most. Is old stuff accumulating in /tmp/? -- Evolution as taught in public schools, like religion, is based on faith, not on science. Team OS/2 ** Reg. Linux User #211409 ** a11y rocks! Felix Miata *** http://fm.no-ip.com/
On Fri, 2021-03-12 at 00:09 -0500, Felix Miata wrote:
Carl Spitzer {L Juno} composed on 2021-03-11 22:54 (UTC-0500):
this DV6000 is running 11.4 as it only holds 2gig memory.
root is filling up there was once 4gig free now down to 1.5 gig end of last year and now only 1.3 gig.
Where do I look for the problem??
I always start in /var/log/, particularly in /var/log/journal/ if it exists. I
du -ch /var/log/ 4.0K /var/log/apache2 8.1M /var/log/YaST2 696K /var/log/zypp 4.3M /var/log/ConsoleKit 4.0K /var/log/krb5 1012K /var/log/cups 704K /var/log/gdm 448K /var/log/audit 8.0K /var/log/smpppd 4.0K /var/log/news 4.0K /var/log/samba 452K /var/log/CDWserver 4.0K /var/log/apparmor/reports-archived 4.0K /var/log/apparmor/reports 4.0K /var/log/apparmor/reports-exported 16K /var/log/apparmor 56M /var/log/ 56M total
Check the /var/cache/zypp/packages/ tree.
2.4G /var/cache/zypp/packages/ 2.4G total
How many kernels are installed? An installation that old ought to be fine with only one, two at the most.
Is old stuff accumulating in /tmp/?
/tmp gets cleaned out routinely even root. cd /tmp ; rm -rf * then reboot. CWSIV ____________________________________________________________ Sponsored by https://www.newser.com/?utm_source=part&utm_medium=uol&utm_campaign=rss_taglines_more George Floyd's Family Settles With City for Record Sum http://thirdpartyoffers.juno.com/TGL3131/604bf5a7a16f975a7194est01vuc1 Cuomo Just Lost Support of a Pivotal Group http://thirdpartyoffers.juno.com/TGL3131/604bf5a7c537875a7194est01vuc2 Police Were Alerted to Suspect Days Before Sarah Everard Died http://thirdpartyoffers.juno.com/TGL3131/604bf5a7e8ee175a7194est01vuc3
On 13/03/2021 00.12, Carl Spitzer {L Juno} wrote:
On Fri, 2021-03-12 at 00:09 -0500, Felix Miata wrote:
Carl Spitzer {L Juno} composed on 2021-03-11 22:54 (UTC-0500):
this DV6000 is running 11.4 as it only holds 2gig memory.
root is filling up there was once 4gig free now down to 1.5 gig end of last year and now only 1.3 gig.
Where do I look for the problem??
I always start in /var/log/, particularly in /var/log/journal/ if it exists. I du -ch /var/log/ 4.0K /var/log/apache2 8.1M /var/log/YaST2 696K /var/log/zypp 4.3M /var/log/ConsoleKit 4.0K /var/log/krb5 1012K /var/log/cups 704K /var/log/gdm 448K /var/log/audit 8.0K /var/log/smpppd 4.0K /var/log/news 4.0K /var/log/samba 452K /var/log/CDWserver 4.0K /var/log/apparmor/reports-archived 4.0K /var/log/apparmor/reports 4.0K /var/log/apparmor/reports-exported 16K /var/log/apparmor 56M /var/log/ 56M total
then /var/log is not the culprit.
Check the /var/cache/zypp/packages/ tree.
2.4G /var/cache/zypp/packages/ 2.4G total
You probably do not need that, but probably you had that for years, it can not grow. Still missing is du -chs / or du -chs --exclude=/home / -- Cheers / Saludos, Carlos E. R. (from 15.2 x86_64 at Telcontar)
On Friday 12 March 2021, Carl Spitzer {L Juno} wrote:
this DV6000 is running 11.4 as it only holds 2gig memory.
root is filling up there was once 4gig free now down to 1.5 gig end of last year and now only 1.3 gig.
Where do I look for the problem??
...
I would look for the biggest consumers via: du -x / | sort -n | tail -100 The -x stops du from looking beyond the filesystem mounted on /. If you are using btrfs, you might want to try btrfs filesystem du --raw / | sort -n | tail -100 I'm sure about the btrfs du because I dont use btrfs. You can use du for btrfs too, but I think it might miss some items such as the journal. If you want a GUI tool, KDE's filelight might yield some useful info. Michael
On Friday, 12 March 2021 03:54:54 GMT Carl Spitzer {L Juno} wrote:
this DV6000 is running 11.4 as it only holds 2gig memory.
root is filling up there was once 4gig free now down to 1.5 gig end of last year and now only 1.3 gig.
Where do I look for the problem??
There was an issue a short while ago with lots of coredumps check this directory /var/lib/systemd/coredump
ls -l / total 124 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 3 2015 bin drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jun 13 2015 boot drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Feb 27 2011 CD1 drwxr-xr-x 19 root root 4200 Mar 9 16:17 dev drwxr-xr-x 143 root root 12288 Mar 11 19:18 etc drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 128 Sep 15 2017 home drwxr-xr-x 20 root root 12288 Aug 1 2017 lib drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Aug 2 2012 lost+found drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 9 16:18 media drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 18 2011 mnt drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Sep 28 2014 opt dr-xr-xr-x 173 root root 0 Mar 9 08:15 proc drwx------ 44 root root 4096 Mar 11 19:48 root drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 12288 Aug 1 2017 sbin drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 18 2011 selinux drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Sep 28 2014 srv drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 0 Mar 9 16:15 sys drwxrwxrwt 45 root root 24576 Mar 11 19:45 tmp drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 4096 Mar 2 2011 usr drwxr-xr-x 17 root root 4096 Sep 29 2014 var
CWSIV
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-- opensuse:tumbleweed:20210307 Qt: 5.15.2 KDE Frameworks: 5.79.0 - KDE Plasma: 5.21.1 - kwin 5.21.1 kmail2 5.16.2 (20.12.2) - akonadiserver 5.16.2 (20.12.2) - Kernel: 5.11.2-1-default - xf86-video-nouveau: 1.0.17
On Fri, 2021-03-12 at 08:17 +0000, Ianseeks wrote:
On Friday, 12 March 2021 03:54:54 GMT Carl Spitzer {L Juno} wrote:
this DV6000 is running 11.4 as it only holds 2gig memory.
root is filling up there was once 4gig free now down to 1.5 gig end of last year and now only 1.3 gig.
Where do I look for the problem??
There was an issue a short while ago with lots of coredumps check this directory /var/lib/systemd/coredump
ls /var/lib/ alsa dbus hardware lxdm PackageKit postfix smpppd upower apache2 dhcp hp misc pam_devperm rpcbind sshd wwwrun apparmor dhcp6 htdig NetworkManager php5 rpm sudo X11 autoinstall dhcpcd kde-profiles news pin s2disk.conf susehelp xdm bluetooth dict kdm nfs PolicyKit samba tpm xkb ca-certificates empty locatedb nobody PolicyKit-public sgml udisks YaST2 color gdm logrotate.status ntp polkit-1 smartmontools uniconf zypp NO Systemd directory CWSIV ____________________________________________________________ Sponsored by https://www.newser.com/?utm_source=part&utm_medium=uol&utm_campaign=rss_taglines_more Schumer, Gillibrand Tell Cuomo to Quit http://thirdpartyoffers.juno.com/TGL3131/604bf6bb9d8ea76bb6b6bst03vuc1 George Floyd's Family Settles With City for Record Sum http://thirdpartyoffers.juno.com/TGL3131/604bf6bbc1a6976bb6b6bst03vuc2 Cuomo Just Lost Support of a Pivotal Group http://thirdpartyoffers.juno.com/TGL3131/604bf6bbe5ab376bb6b6bst03vuc3
On 12/03/2021 04.54, Carl Spitzer {L Juno} wrote:
this DV6000 is running 11.4 as it only holds 2gig memory.
11.4 has no systemd, so no journal, no .../systemd/coredump, and no btrfs. There can be no updates, so no .../packages either :-)
root is filling up there was once 4gig free now down to 1.5 gig end of last year and now only 1.3 gig.
The typical culprit is /var/log/, the other is /tmp. But don't make guesses, find out. Use tools to find where disk space is going to. du -chs / or du -chs --exclude=/home / if /home is a different partition. -- Cheers / Saludos, Carlos E. R. (from oS Leap 15.1 x86_64 (Minas Tirith))
On Fri, 2021-03-12 at 10:05 +0100, Carlos E. R. wrote:
On 12/03/2021 04.54, Carl Spitzer {L Juno} wrote:
this DV6000 is running 11.4 as it only holds 2gig memory.
11.4 has no systemd, so no journal, no .../systemd/coredump, and no btrfs. There can be no updates, so no .../packages either :-)
root is filling up there was once 4gig free now down to 1.5 gig end of last year and now only 1.3 gig.
The typical culprit is /var/log/, the other is /tmp. But don't make guesses, find out. Use tools to find where disk space is going to.
du -chs /
or
du -chs --exclude=/home /
if /home is a different partition.
I've also found `ncdu` really helpful in navigating filling drives. It comes with a TUI that let's you navigate through your system, showing where all the space is going. https://dev.yorhel.nl/ncdu Best of luck, Chris
On 12/03/2021 10.29, Chris Coutinho wrote:
On Fri, 2021-03-12 at 10:05 +0100, Carlos E. R. wrote:
On 12/03/2021 04.54, Carl Spitzer {L Juno} wrote:
...
du -chs /
or
du -chs --exclude=/home /
if /home is a different partition.
I've also found `ncdu` really helpful in navigating filling drives. It comes with a TUI that let's you navigate through your system, showing where all the space is going.
That's interesting for us, but he probably can install nothing, he is using 11.4 which was released on 2011-03-10, and EOL on 2015-07 (it was an Evergreen version, extended maintenance). So there are no repositories, except what may be archived somewhere, and building from source may fail because the libraries are too old. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSUSE_version_history> For current users, ncdu is available on the oss and the utilities repos. It is a nice ncurses tool. Another good tool (gnome) is baobab. -- Cheers / Saludos, Carlos E. R. (from 15.2 x86_64 at Telcontar)
On Fri, 2021-03-12 at 10:05 +0100, Carlos E. R. wrote:
On 12/03/2021 04.54, Carl Spitzer {L Juno} wrote:
this DV6000 is running 11.4 as it only holds 2gig memory.
11.4 has no systemd, so no journal, no .../systemd/coredump, and no btrfs. There can be no updates, so no .../packages either :-)
root is filling up there was once 4gig free now down to 1.5 gig end of last year and now only 1.3 gig.
The typical culprit is /var/log/, the other is /tmp. But don't make guesses, find out. Use tools to find where disk space is going to.
du -chs /
Last command seemed to pause the system so I did CTRL-C. So I did the drudgery examination and found 23000+ directories in /var/tmp of the form zypp.?????? and TmpDir.??????. https://serverfault.com/questions/419853/find-and-delete-directories-older-t... Delete Empty directories' find /the/dir/to/start/in -type f -mtime +365 -ls -exec rm -f -- {} \; With the generic file spec being /var/tmp/zypp.?????? and /var/tmp/TmpDir.?????? respectively. Even that left 17000+ so I reran the commands with +150 and that resulted in nearly 4 gig space recovery. df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on rootfs 20G 14G 4.6G 76% / devtmpfs 1000M 436K 1000M 1% /dev tmpfs 1006M 12M 995M 2% /dev/shm /dev/sda6 20G 14G 4.6G 76% / /dev/sda7 30G 26G 3.6G 88% /home Does Leap have this accumulation of temp files and directories. -- Carl Spitzer {L Juno} <lynux@juno.com> www.OCLUG.org Laptop ____________________________________________________________ Sponsored by https://www.newser.com/?utm_source=part&utm_medium=uol&utm_campaign=rss_taglines_more Talk on Hiatus After Sharon Osbourne, Co-Host Get Into It http://thirdpartyoffers.juno.com/TGL3131/604f6e109fa746e100935st02vuc1 Vatican on Gay Unions: We 'Cannot Bless Sin' http://thirdpartyoffers.juno.com/TGL3131/604f6e10c3d526e100935st02vuc2 Anti-Masker to Cop: 'What Are You Going to Do, Arrest Me?' http://thirdpartyoffers.juno.com/TGL3131/604f6e10e74ad6e100935st02vuc3
On 15/03/2021 15.22, Carl Spitzer {L Juno} wrote:
On Fri, 2021-03-12 at 10:05 +0100, Carlos E. R. wrote:
On 12/03/2021 04.54, Carl Spitzer {L Juno} wrote:
this DV6000 is running 11.4 as it only holds 2gig memory.
11.4 has no systemd, so no journal, no .../systemd/coredump, and no btrfs. There can be no updates, so no .../packages either :-)
root is filling up there was once 4gig free now down to 1.5 gig end of last year and now only 1.3 gig.
The typical culprit is /var/log/, the other is /tmp. But don't make guesses, find out. Use tools to find where disk space is going to.
du -chs /
Last command seemed to pause the system so I did CTRL-C.
Unfortunately this command also explores /home and other partitions, so it is slower than needed. A better concotion was reccomended later by Andrei Borzenkov: du -x -d 1 / which I would change to du -xh -d 1 / I never remember the correct concoction, so this time I wrote it in my file of interesting commands. It takes one minute to run on a nvme "disk", which is the fastest thing we can have.
So I did the drudgery examination and found 23000+ directories in /var/tmp of the form zypp.?????? and TmpDir.??????.
https://serverfault.com/questions/419853/find-and-delete-directories-older-t... <https://serverfault.com/questions/419853/find-and-delete-directories-older-than-time> Delete Empty directories' find /the/dir/to/start/in -type f -mtime +365 -ls -exec rm -f -- {} \;
With the generic file spec being /var/tmp/zypp.?????? and /var/tmp/TmpDir.?????? respectively.
Even that left 17000+ so I reran the commands with +150 and that resulted in nearly 4 gig space recovery.
df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on rootfs 20G 14G 4.6G 76% / devtmpfs 1000M 436K 1000M 1% /dev tmpfs 1006M 12M 995M 2% /dev/shm /dev/sda6 20G 14G 4.6G 76% / /dev/sda7 30G 26G 3.6G 88% /home
Does Leap have this accumulation of temp files and directories.
I have just three directories "/var/tmp/zypp.*" and none "/var/tmp/TmpDir.*" Two from 2019 and one 2016. I don't know what causes them. Mine are not empty. -- Cheers / Saludos, Carlos E. R. (from 15.2 x86_64 at Telcontar)
On 2021-03-11 10:54 p.m., Carl Spitzer {L Juno} wrote:
this DV6000 is running 11.4 as it only holds 2gig memory.
root is filling up there was once 4gig free now down to 1.5 gig end of last year and now only 1.3 gig.
Where do I look for the problem??
What file system? Of course if it is BtrFS there are snapshots. -- “Reality is so complex, we must move away from dogma, whether it’s conspiracy theories or free-market,” -- James Glattfelder. http://jth.ch/jbg
On 12/03/2021 22.16, Anton Aylward wrote:
On 2021-03-11 10:54 p.m., Carl Spitzer {L Juno} wrote:
this DV6000 is running 11.4 as it only holds 2gig memory. ··························*****
root is filling up there was once 4gig free now down to 1.5 gig end of last year and now only 1.3 gig.
Where do I look for the problem??
What file system? Of course if it is BtrFS there are snapshots.
-- Cheers / Saludos, Carlos E. R. (from 15.2 x86_64 at Telcontar)
On 3/12/21 1:16 PM, Anton Aylward wrote:
On 2021-03-11 10:54 p.m., Carl Spitzer {L Juno} wrote:
this DV6000 is running 11.4 as it only holds 2gig memory.
root is filling up there was once 4gig free now down to 1.5 gig end of last year and now only 1.3 gig.
Where do I look for the problem??
What file system? Of course if it is BtrFS there are snapshots.
Too old for BtrFS. It's probably ext4 since there's a lost+found directory. Regards, Lew
Carl, et al -- ...and then Carl Spitzer {L Juno} said... % % this DV6000 is running 11.4 as it only holds 2gig memory. % % root is filling up there was once 4gig free now down to 1.5 gig end of % last year and now only 1.3 gig. % % Where do I look for the problem?? [snip] I run a weekly du of the whole system so that I can compare various old sizes when I wonder about that sort of thing. Too late for you to go back to that now, but you can at least see what has changed since time X. Start with touch -t 202010010000 /tmp/2020-10-01 touch -t 202012010000 /tmp/2020-12-01 touch -t 202102010000 /tmp/2021-02-01 and then find / -xdev -newer /tmp/2020-10-01 >/tmp/find.2020-10-01.newer find / -xdev -newer /tmp/2020-12-01 >/tmp/find.2020-12-01.newer find / -xdev -newer /tmp/2021-02-01 >/tmp/find.2021-02-01.newer and then compare the results. You might even be able to find / -xdev -type f -newer /tmp/2020-10-01 -print0 | xargs -0 du >/tmp/du.2020-10-01.newer to see how much space each new thing takes. Good luck! "The steady state of disks is full" :-) :-D -- David T-G See http://justpickone.org/davidtg/email/ See http://justpickone.org/davidtg/tofu.txt
On 2021/03/11 19:54, Carl Spitzer {L Juno} wrote: Have you tried kdirstat or qdirstat? It can show a graphical view of files taking up space. As root, run kdirstat. Go into settings and uncheck "Cross File System Boundaries" Go back to menu 'File' and open '/' and press F9. It should show a graphical view on the bottom....(or fiddle with the settings). There's also a windirstat for windows.
On 2021-03-11 10:54 p.m., Carl Spitzer {L Juno} wrote:
this DV6000 is running 11.4 as it only holds 2gig memory.
root is filling up there was once 4gig free now down to 1.5 gig end of last year and now only 1.3 gig.
Where do I look for the problem??
ls -l /
Also ls -lR /.[a-zA-Z0-0]* Yes, I know about "[:alnum:]" but I've used the full expression here to make the point. -- “Reality is so complex, we must move away from dogma, whether it’s conspiracy theories or free-market,” -- James Glattfelder. http://jth.ch/jbg
Anton, et al -- ...and then Anton Aylward said... % % Also % ls -lR /.[a-zA-Z0-0]* I always preferred .??* myself, although that does miss fun things like . # trailing space .a ._ and so on so you still have to glance or come up with every char EXCEPT a dot. % % Yes, I know about "[:alnum:]" but I've used the full expression here % to make the point. Hmmmm ... Do char classes work for ls for you? Not for me on Leap 15.2: diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la total 4 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 65 Mar 15 22:31 . -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 '. ' drwxrwxrwt 14 root root 4096 Mar 15 22:30 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .abc -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .x -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:31 B -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:31 a -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:31 c diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la .[:alnum:]* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .abc diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la .[:alnum:] ls: cannot access '.[:alnum:]': No such file or directory diskfarm:/tmp/X # Note that .abc worked because 'a' is one of the characters :-) HTH & HAND :-D -- David T-G See http://justpickone.org/davidtg/email/ See http://justpickone.org/davidtg/tofu.txt
Hello, On Mon, 15 Mar 2021, David T-G wrote: [..]
Hmmmm ... Do char classes work for ls for you? Not for me on Leap 15.2:
diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .abc -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .x diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la .[:alnum:]* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .abc diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la .[:alnum:] ls: cannot access '.[:alnum:]': No such file or directory
Simple: you botched it! *hrhr* ;) The argument '.[:alnum:]*' does not contain a char-class, but specifies, that any of the characters 'a', 'l', ':', 'n', 'u' or 'm' should follow the leading '.', followed by anything (per the '*'). RTFM: man 7 glob, cf. man 7 regex. Correct is: 'ls -la .[[:alnum:]]*' $ ls -Al -rw-r--r-- 1 dh dh 0 Mar 16 01:17 .1 -rw-r--r-- 1 dh dh 0 Mar 16 01:17 .abc -rw-r--r-- 1 dh dh 0 Mar 16 01:17 .x -rw-r--r-- 1 dh dh 0 Mar 16 01:17 z $ ls -Al .[:alnum:]* -rw-r--r-- 1 dh dh 0 Mar 16 01:17 .abc $ ls -Al .[:alpha:]* -rw-r--r-- 1 dh dh 0 Mar 16 01:17 .abc $ ls -Al .[[:alnum:]]* -rw-r--r-- 1 dh dh 0 Mar 16 01:17 .1 -rw-r--r-- 1 dh dh 0 Mar 16 01:17 .abc -rw-r--r-- 1 dh dh 0 Mar 16 01:17 .x $ ls -Al .[[:alpha:]]* -rw-r--r-- 1 dh dh 0 Mar 16 01:17 .abc -rw-r--r-- 1 dh dh 0 Mar 16 01:17 .x $ ls -Al .[^.[:alpha:]]* -rw-r--r-- 1 dh dh 0 Mar 16 01:22 .1 You need to use the char-class with the [:whatever:] sequence as if it were a single character _inside_ the [] you use for globbing. Take special note of the last example, where I combine the simple char '.' (which would then include listing the parent dir '..') with the char-class [:alpha:], negate the combination of them and then get listed what remains and starts with a '.' ;) HTH, -dnh -- "...and scantily clad females, of course. Who cares if it's below zero outside" -- Linus Torvalds
David, et al -- ...and then David Haller said... % % Hello, Hiya! % % On Mon, 15 Mar 2021, David T-G wrote: % [..] % >Hmmmm ... Do char classes work for ls for you? Not for me on Leap 15.2: % > ... % > diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la .[:alnum:] % > ls: cannot access '.[:alnum:]': No such file or directory % % Simple: you botched it! *hrhr* ;) % % The argument '.[:alnum:]*' does not contain a char-class, but % specifies, that any of the characters 'a', 'l', ':', 'n', 'u' or 'm' % should follow the leading '.', followed by anything (per the '*'). Exactly. Well, note that I didn't put a splat at the end of mine, but I get it. % % RTFM: man 7 glob, cf. man 7 regex. % % Correct is: 'ls -la .[[:alnum:]]*' OH!!!! % ... % $ ls -Al .[^.[:alpha:]]* % -rw-r--r-- 1 dh dh 0 Mar 16 01:22 .1 [snip] HOLY SMOKES! I love it when I learn something :-) :-) :-) diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la total 4 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 65 Mar 15 22:31 . -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 '. ' drwxrwxrwt 14 root root 4096 Mar 16 01:00 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .abc -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .x -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:31 B -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:31 a -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:31 c diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la .[[:alnum:]] -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .x diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la .[^.] -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 '. ' -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .x diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la .??* .[^.] -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 '. ' -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .abc -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .x Thanks!!! :-) Given that my time on HP-UX (ew), AIX (ew-ew), and SunOS ("These are the good old days ...") is pretty slim now that I'm a flight instructor, I just might be able to make myself depend on the handy GNU extensions beyond plain vanilla. This is a lovely one. HANN :-D -- David T-G See http://justpickone.org/davidtg/email/ See http://justpickone.org/davidtg/tofu.txt
On 16/03/2021 01.32, David Haller wrote:
Hello,
On Mon, 15 Mar 2021, David T-G wrote: [..]
Hmmmm ... Do char classes work for ls for you? Not for me on Leap 15.2:
diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .abc -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .x diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la .[:alnum:]* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .abc diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la .[:alnum:] ls: cannot access '.[:alnum:]': No such file or directory
Simple: you botched it! *hrhr* ;)
The argument '.[:alnum:]*' does not contain a char-class, but specifies, that any of the characters 'a', 'l', ':', 'n', 'u' or 'm' should follow the leading '.', followed by anything (per the '*').
RTFM: man 7 glob, cf. man 7 regex.
Correct is: 'ls -la .[[:alnum:]]*'
No, it looks inside subdirectories. cer@Telcontar:~> ls -la .[[:alnum:]]* -rw------- 1 cer users 38861 Mar 12 10:07 .ICEauthority -rw-r--r-- 1 cer users 60 Aug 6 2009 .ImpressPrototypeRC ... rw-r--r-- 1 cer users 135841 Oct 11 11:55 .y2log -rw-r--r-- 1 cer users 282 Sep 25 2010 .y2usersettings .AbiSuite: total 68 drwx------ 2 cer users 4096 Nov 6 2016 . drwxr-x--- 223 cer users 40960 Mar 15 22:24 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 cer users 173 Nov 6 2016 AbiCollab.Profile -rw-r--r-- 1 cer users 15443 Nov 6 2016 AbiWord.Profile -rw-r--r-- 1 cer users 64 Oct 7 2005 coquille.conf .Heaven: total 76 drwxr-xr-x 3 cer users 4096 Dec 24 2018 . drwxr-x--- 223 cer users 40960 Mar 15 22:24 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 cer users 9532 Dec 30 2018 heaven_4.0.cfg -rw-r--r-- 1 cer users 15751 Dec 30 2018 log.html drwxr-xr-x 2 cer users 4096 Dec 30 2018 save -- Cheers / Saludos, Carlos E. R. (from 15.2 x86_64 at Telcontar)
Hello, [@David T-G: thanks, glad to have helped :)] On Tue, 16 Mar 2021, Carlos E. R. wrote:
On 16/03/2021 01.32, David Haller wrote:
On Mon, 15 Mar 2021, David T-G wrote: [..]
Hmmmm ... Do char classes work for ls for you? Not for me on Leap 15.2:
diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .abc -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .x diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la .[:alnum:]* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .abc diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la .[:alnum:] ls: cannot access '.[:alnum:]': No such file or directory [..] Correct is: 'ls -la .[[:alnum:]]*'
No, it looks inside subdirectories.
So what? Just use the '-d' option to ls. It wasn't specified not to. The question/confusion was about how to use char-classes in wildcards aka globs, i.e. that you need to use '[' and ']' around the '[:charclass:]' string for globbing... Whether just that (e.g. '[[:alnum:]]') or combined with other stuff (e.g.: '[^[:alnum:], _-]') does not matter. The non-"problem" with "looking into subdirs" appears with _any_ wildcard, c.f. 'ls -lA *' or 'ls -lA a*' or 'ls -lA .c*' or whatever. If you care about more control, use zsh[1] or find. E.g.: $ find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -name '.*' or zsh> ls -dAl .(#i)a* HTH, -dnh, who does not know zsh [1] which is a whole other beast with globbing, see man zshexpn ;) For comparision (bash 5.1.4, zsh 5.8): $ man bash | wc -l 6399 $ man zshexpn | wc -l 2588 $ man zshall | wc -l 30538 --
Write the code like you are going to lose your memory in six months. Most people would say I write code like I've already lost my mind. Is that the same thing? -- Randal L. Schwartz
On 16/03/2021 03.49, David Haller wrote:
Hello,
[@David T-G: thanks, glad to have helped :)]
On Tue, 16 Mar 2021, Carlos E. R. wrote:
On 16/03/2021 01.32, David Haller wrote:
On Mon, 15 Mar 2021, David T-G wrote: [..]
Hmmmm ... Do char classes work for ls for you? Not for me on Leap 15.2:
diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .abc -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .x diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la .[:alnum:]* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .abc diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la .[:alnum:] ls: cannot access '.[:alnum:]': No such file or directory [..] Correct is: 'ls -la .[[:alnum:]]*'
No, it looks inside subdirectories.
So what? Just use the '-d' option to ls. It wasn't specified not to. The question/confusion was about how to use char-classes in wildcards aka globs, i.e. that you need to use '[' and ']' around the '[:charclass:]' string for globbing... Whether just that (e.g. '[[:alnum:]]') or combined with other stuff (e.g.: '[^[:alnum:], _-]') does not matter.
The non-"problem" with "looking into subdirs" appears with _any_ wildcard, c.f. 'ls -lA *' or 'ls -lA a*' or 'ls -lA .c*' or whatever.
I know nothing about char-classes and it is not something I will likely learn, sorry. To me the problem is simply listing hidden files in one directory. -- Cheers / Saludos, Carlos E. R. (from 15.2 x86_64 at Telcontar)
On 2021-03-15 8:32 p.m., David Haller wrote:
Simple: you botched it! *hrhr* ;)
The argument '.[:alnum:]*' does not contain a char-class, but specifies, that any of the characters 'a', 'l', ':', 'n', 'u' or 'm' should follow the leading '.', followed by anything (per the '*').
RTFM: man 7 glob, cf. man 7 regex.
Correct is: 'ls -la .[[:alnum:]]*'
ThankYouThankYouThankYouThankYouThankYouThankYouThankYouThankYouThankYouThankYou -- “Reality is so complex, we must move away from dogma, whether it’s conspiracy theories or free-market,” -- James Glattfelder. http://jth.ch/jbg
On 2021-03-15 6:38 p.m., David T-G wrote:
diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la .[:alnum:]* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .abc diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la .[:alnum:] ls: cannot access '.[:alnum:]': No such file or directory diskfarm:/tmp/X #
Note that .abc worked because 'a' is one of the characters :-)
it looks like the shell doesn't like [:alnum:] But then again, those are POSIX defines character classes. I don't think that the shell is operating in a POSIX environment. -- “Reality is so complex, we must move away from dogma, whether it’s conspiracy theories or free-market,” -- James Glattfelder. http://jth.ch/jbg
On 2021-03-16 8:30 a.m., Anton Aylward wrote:
On 2021-03-15 6:38 p.m., David T-G wrote:
diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la .[:alnum:]* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 15 22:27 .abc diskfarm:/tmp/X # ls -la .[:alnum:] ls: cannot access '.[:alnum:]': No such file or directory diskfarm:/tmp/X #
Note that .abc worked because 'a' is one of the characters :-)
it looks like the shell doesn't like [:alnum:]
But then again, those are POSIX defines character classes. I don't think that the shell is operating in a POSIX environment.
Forget i said that. I wasn't even half way through my first coffee. -- “Reality is so complex, we must move away from dogma, whether it’s conspiracy theories or free-market,” -- James Glattfelder. http://jth.ch/jbg
participants (12)
-
Andrei Borzenkov -
Anton Aylward -
Carl Spitzer {L Juno} -
Carlos E. R. -
Chris Coutinho -
David Haller -
David T-G -
Felix Miata -
Ianseeks -
Lew Wolfgang -
Michael Hamilton -
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