-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- ______________________________________________________________________________ SuSE Security Announcement Package: kernel Announcement-ID: SuSE-SA:2003:021 Date: Tuesday, Mar 25 2003 18:00 MET Affected products: 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 8.0, 8.1 SuSE Linux Database Server, SuSE eMail Server III, 3.1 SuSE Linux Enterprise Server 7, SuSE Linux Enterprise Server 8, SuSE Linux Firewall on CD/Admin host SuSE Linux Connectivity Server SuSE Linux Office Server Vulnerability Type: local privilege escalation Severity (1-10): 6 SuSE default package: yes Cross References: CAN-2003-0127 Content of this advisory: 1) security vulnerability resolved: kernel problem description, discussion, solution and upgrade information 2) pending vulnerabilities, solutions, workarounds: - none in this security announcement 3) standard appendix (further information) ______________________________________________________________________________ 1) problem description, brief discussion, solution, upgrade information The Linux kernel has a security flaw in all versions used on SuSE products excluding the upcoming SuSE Linux 8.2 distribution. The flaw is known as ptrace/modprobe bug: The local attacker can use ptrace and attach to a modprobe process that is spawned if the user triggers the loading of a kernel module using the kmod kernel module subsystem. This can be done by asking for network protocols that are supplied by kernel modules which are not loaded (yet). The vulnerability allows the attacker to execute arbitrary commands as root. There exists a temporary workaround against this flaw: It is possible to temporaryly disable the kmod kernel module loading subsystem in the kernel after all necessary kernel modules have been loaded (Note: SuSE systems do not unload kernel modules in regular intervals.). If the temporary workaround is chosen, it should be made sure that no additional kernel modules need to be loaded afterwards (such as ISDN drivers, scsi subsystem drivers or filesystem drivers such as the iso9660 filesystem for cdroms and the language codepages). To disable the kmod kernel module loading subsystem, use the following command as root: echo /no/such_file > /proc/sys/kernel/modprobe If this command is inserted into a boot script that runs after all services in a runlevel have been launched, it is an efficient permanent solution. This workaround can be reverted by writing the original content ("/sbin/modprobe") back to the /proc/sys/kernel/modprobe file. Please note that it is still possible for the root user to manually load kernel modules. As a permanent remedy for the problem we offer kernel update packages for download from our ftp server. Please follow the guidelines that are given in the extensive installation intructions below. The update should be performed with special care in order to make sure that the system will properly boot after the package update. Note: Managing the necessary patches, building and mostly testing kernel update packages is an extremely worksome and therefore also time-consuming process. SuSE wishes to provide the same quality and reliability in update packages as customers are used to from the shipped original products. Even though our kernel updates are thoroughly tested, the numerous possible hardware configurations for the x86 platform give a certain probability for a functional failure of parts of the kernel after the update has been performed. Some of the possible failures cannot be handled by SuSE by definition. These include (and are not limited to) possible problems with NVIDIA chipset graphics boards that make use of hardware 3D acceleration. SuSE cannot deliver the binary only driver for the NVIDIA graphics boards in the kernel RPM. The kernel of a Linux system is the most critical component with respect to stability, reliability and security. By consequence, an update of that component requires some care and full attention to succeed. If you do not run a system where multiple users have access to, you may want to consinder to not perform this update since the security risk imposed by this bug is very small on a system with only one user. SPECIAL INSTALL INSTRUCTIONS: ============================== The following paragraphs will guide you through the installation process in a step-by-step fashion. The character sequence "****" marks the beginning of a new paragraph. In some cases, you decide if the paragraph is needed for you or not. Please read through all of the steps down to the end. All of the commands that need to be executed are required to be run as the superuser (root). Each step relies on the steps before to complete successfully. **** Step 1: Determine the needed kernel type Please use the following command to find the kernel type that is installed on your system: rpm -qf /boot/vmlinuz The following options are possible (disregarding the version and build number following the name, seperated by the "-" character): k_deflt # default kernel, good for most systems. k_i386 # kernel for older processors and chipsets k_athlon # kernel made specifically for AMD Athlon family processors k_orig # kernel built with unmodified sources k_psmp # kernel for Pentium-I dual processor systems k_smp # kernel for SMP systems (Pentium-II and above) **** Step 2: Download the package for your system Please download the kernel RPM package for your distribution with the name starting as indicated by Step 1. The list of all kernel rpm packages is appended below. Note: The kernel-source package does not contain any binary kernel in bootable form. Instead, it contains the sources that the binary kernel rpm packages are made from. It can be used by administrators who have decided to build their own kernel. Since the kernel-source.rpm is an installable (compiled) package that contains sources for the linux kernel, it is not the source RPM for the kernel RPM binary packages. After downloading the kernel RPM package for your system, you should verify the authenticity of the kernel rpm package using the methods as listed in section 3) of each SuSE Security Announcement. **** Step 3: Installing your kernel rpm package Install the rpm package that you have downloaded in Steps 3 or 4 with the command rpm -Uhv --nodeps --force <K_FILE.RPM> where <K_FILE.RPM> is the name of the rpm package that you downloaded. Warning: After performing this step, your system will likely not be able to boot if the following steps have not been fully applied. **** Step 4: configuring and creating the initrd The initrd is a ramdisk that is being loaded into the memory of your system together with the kernel boot image by the bootloader. The kernel uses the content of this ramdisk to execute commands that must be run before the kernel can mount its actual root filesystem. It is usually used to initialize scsi drivers or NIC drivers for diskless operation. The variable INITRD_MODULES (set in the files /etc/rc.config up to 7.3) or /etc/sysconfig/kernel (after and including 8.0)) determines which kernel modules will be loaded in the initrd before the kernel has mounted its actual root filesystem. The variable should contain your scsi adapter (if any) or filesystem driver modules. With the installation of the new kernel, the initrd has to be re-packed with the update kernel modules. Please run the command mk_initrd as root to create a new init rmadisk (initrd) for your system. **** Step 5: bootloader If you have a 7.x system, you must now run the command lilo as root to initialize the lilo bootloader for your system. Then proceed to the next step. If you run a SuSE Linux 8.x or a SLES8 system, there are two options: Depending on your software configuration, you have the lilo bootloader or the grub bootloader installed and initialized on your system. The grub bootloader does not require any further actions to be performed after the new kernel images have been moved in place by the rpm Update command. If you have a lilo bootloader installed and initialized, then the lilo program must be run as root. Use the command grep LOADER_TYPE /etc/sysconfig/bootloader to find out which boot loader is configured. If it is lilo, then you must run the lilo command as root. If grub is listed, then your system does not require any bootloader initialization. Warning: An improperly installed bootloader may render your system unbootable. **** Step 6: reboot If all of the steps above have been successfully applied to your system, then the new kernel including the kernel modules and the initrd should be ready to boot. The system needs to be rebooted for the changes to become active. Please make sure that all steps are complete, then reboot using the command shutdown -r now or init 6 Your system should now shut down and reboot with the new kernel. Download sources for all kernel RPM packages: Our maintenance customers are being notified individually. The packages are being offered to install from the maintenance web. SuSE-8.1: ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/8.1/kernel/2.4.19-20030324/kernel-source-2.4.19.SuSE-175.i586.rpm 96860a64953bcac4d95d8308b5df39f7 ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/8.1/kernel/2.4.19-20030324/k_smp-2.4.19-257.i586.rpm d1b85a6922ff0cd7dac9387c566b5c37 ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/8.1/kernel/2.4.19-20030324/k_psmp-2.4.19-263.i586.rpm 74756e9aa9e9d7fa855c01f0c8740627 ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/8.1/kernel/2.4.19-20030324/k_deflt-2.4.19-274.i586.rpm 0e54e7a10fc3c6f0ec803811d0431bc3 ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/8.1/kernel/2.4.19-20030324/k_debug-2.4.19-213.i586.rpm 6dddb64d890a1d6dcc7364c460dc197c ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/8.1/kernel/2.4.19-20030324/k_athlon-2.4.19-263.i586.rpm 89e4522f63e1c8a002d1c5220ebdc354 SuSE-8.0: ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/8.0/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/kernel-source-2.4.18.SuSE-149.i386.rpm 43682b1dd033c5d2954b71cf5410c0d4 ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/8.0/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/k_smp-2.4.18-243.i386.rpm c43197a11c12d159720455e4c0d6e8d6 ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/8.0/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/k_psmp-2.4.18-242.i386.rpm 936d0dafeafc657e4b61bf2c9ae4b819 ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/8.0/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/k_orig-2.4.18-170.i386.rpm ad2ae6f8802ca99daa7f5aa6a6246329 ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/8.0/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/k_i386-2.4.18-236.i386.rpm c400f303c12e81cd206ee107322bcf18 ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/8.0/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/k_deflt-2.4.18-261.i386.rpm b880932645c424b7931d92ae4af609c7 SuSE-7.3: ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/7.3/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/kernel-source-2.4.18.SuSE-150.i386.rpm ef49e97fee6f72ad842e54dcca878f03 ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/7.3/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/k_smp-2.4.18-244.i386.rpm c8896427d3d9e693086cac022970afb8 ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/7.3/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/k_psmp-2.4.18-243.i386.rpm 28980fc3f164783eaaa98f5a32d46813 ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/7.3/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/k_i386-2.4.18-237.i386.rpm a7a9a9a993ba33542ddc23483ed9a0da ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/7.3/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/k_deflt-2.4.18-262.i386.rpm 364d714d3806208841bb24c6914fca89 SuSE-7.2: ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/7.2/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/kernel-source-2.4.18.SuSE-150.i386.rpm ef49e97fee6f72ad842e54dcca878f03 ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/7.2/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/k_smp-2.4.18-244.i386.rpm c8896427d3d9e693086cac022970afb8 ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/7.2/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/k_psmp-2.4.18-243.i386.rpm 28980fc3f164783eaaa98f5a32d46813 ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/7.2/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/k_i386-2.4.18-237.i386.rpm a7a9a9a993ba33542ddc23483ed9a0da ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/7.2/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/k_deflt-2.4.18-262.i386.rpm 364d714d3806208841bb24c6914fca89 SuSE-7.1: ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/7.1/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/kernel-source-2.4.18.SuSE-150.i386.rpm ef49e97fee6f72ad842e54dcca878f03 ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/7.1/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/k_smp-2.4.18-244.i386.rpm c8896427d3d9e693086cac022970afb8 ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/7.1/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/k_psmp-2.4.18-243.i386.rpm 28980fc3f164783eaaa98f5a32d46813 ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/7.1/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/k_i386-2.4.18-237.i386.rpm a7a9a9a993ba33542ddc23483ed9a0da ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/update/7.1/kernel/2.4.18-20030324/k_deflt-2.4.18-262.i386.rpm 364d714d3806208841bb24c6914fca89 ______________________________________________________________________________ 2) Pending vulnerabilities in SuSE Distributions and Workarounds: - there are no items listed in this security announcements. ______________________________________________________________________________ 3) standard appendix: authenticity verification, additional information - Package authenticity verification: SuSE update packages are available on many mirror ftp servers all over the world. While this service is being considered valuable and important to the free and open source software community, many users wish to be sure about the origin of the package and its content before installing the package. There are two verification methods that can be used independently from each other to prove the authenticity of a downloaded file or rpm package: 1) md5sums as provided in the (cryptographically signed) announcement. 2) using the internal gpg signatures of the rpm package. 1) execute the command md5sum <name-of-the-file.rpm> after you downloaded the file from a SuSE ftp server or its mirrors. Then, compare the resulting md5sum with the one that is listed in the announcement. Since the announcement containing the checksums is cryptographically signed (usually using the key security@suse.de), the checksums show proof of the authenticity of the package. We disrecommend to subscribe to security lists which cause the email message containing the announcement to be modified so that the signature does not match after transport through the mailing list software. Downsides: You must be able to verify the authenticity of the announcement in the first place. If RPM packages are being rebuilt and a new version of a package is published on the ftp server, all md5 sums for the files are useless. 2) rpm package signatures provide an easy way to verify the authenticity of an rpm package. Use the command rpm -v --checksig <file.rpm> to verify the signature of the package, where <file.rpm> is the filename of the rpm package that you have downloaded. Of course, package authenticity verification can only target an un-installed rpm package file. Prerequisites: a) gpg is installed b) The package is signed using a certain key. The public part of this key must be installed by the gpg program in the directory ~/.gnupg/ under the user's home directory who performs the signature verification (usually root). You can import the key that is used by SuSE in rpm packages for SuSE Linux by saving this announcement to a file ("announcement.txt") and running the command (do "su -" to be root): gpg --batch; gpg < announcement.txt | gpg --import SuSE Linux distributions version 7.1 and thereafter install the key "build@suse.de" upon installation or upgrade, provided that the package gpg is installed. The file containing the public key is placed at the top-level directory of the first CD (pubring.gpg) and at ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/pubring.gpg-build.suse.de . - SuSE runs two security mailing lists to which any interested party may subscribe: suse-security@suse.com - general/linux/SuSE security discussion. All SuSE security announcements are sent to this list. To subscribe, send an email to <suse-security-subscribe@suse.com>. suse-security-announce@suse.com - SuSE's announce-only mailing list. Only SuSE's security announcements are sent to this list. To subscribe, send an email to <suse-security-announce-subscribe@suse.com>. For general information or the frequently asked questions (faq) send mail to: <suse-security-info@suse.com> or <suse-security-faq@suse.com> respectively. ===================================================================== SuSE's security contact is <security@suse.com> or <security@suse.de>. The <security@suse.de> public key is listed below. ===================================================================== ______________________________________________________________________________ The information in this advisory may be distributed or reproduced, provided that the advisory is not modified in any way. In particular, it is desired that the clear-text signature shows proof of the authenticity of the text. SuSE Linux AG makes no warranties of any kind whatsoever with respect to the information contained in this security advisory. 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