On Sat, Dec 26, 2020 at 10:02 AM Ben Greiner wrote:

Hello,

my apologies in advance if this mail reaches you up to three times, but in my opinion the topic is relevant and important to reach people subscribed to all three mailing lists.

Am 25.12.20 um 18:34 schrieb Dominique Leuenberger / DimStar an factory@lists.opensuse.org:

...

* Multiple python 3 versions parallel installable. Adding to python 3.8, version 3.6 will be reintroduced. Python modules will be built for both versions.

This line sounds rather innocent, but it has severe implications:

Every package python-foo, which uses the so called singlespec macro %python_subpackages, will also try to build a python36-foo package. The whole build process will fail if a step in that particular flavor fails or if building for more than one flavor will create conflicts. We took care [1] of all the packages in Ring0 and Ring1, which popped up as problematic in the staging project. But there are many more packages, which will see the change the first time, when the staging project will be accepted into Factory. You can refer to the documented changes in [1] for examples how to fix a package. There are also some updates to the wiki [2] and the documentation of python-rpm-macros [3].

In particular, look out for:

- Packages already skipping Python 2 will start to produce more than one package. Avoid duplicate files by using update-alternatives (there are macros for it in python-rpm-macros), or put common files into unflavored subpackages.

- If you provide or require python3-foo, it will only do that for the primary python interpreter. Replace `BuildRequires python3-foo` by `BuildRequires %{python_module foo}` and let the %python_subpackages macro do the work for all Tags and macros where it can replace the unflavored variants e.g.:

* `Requires: python-bar` instead of python3-bar. * `%python_sitelib` instead of `%python3_sitelib` in `%files`

- Some packages need extra packages backporting stuff to Python 3.6, e.g. importlib-metadata or dataclasses. See black as an example how to deal with this [4]

- If upstream does not support python 3.6 anymore (Numpy already deprecates to support it in new releases, according to NEP 29 [5]) you can use `%define skip_python36 1`. All depending packages need to do the same. Alternatively a branched package can provide an older version for this flavor, e.g. python-ipython715 has been created to provide the last version which support Python 3.6.

- Python "apps" not following the flavored python-foo naming scheme, will only collect files for one (hopefully the primary python3 providing) flavor during the packaging phase. Remove %python_modules, %python_build, %python_install, %python_expand and the sort, as it unnecessarily pulls in packages for all python flavors and tries to build and install into multiple sitelib/sitearch directories. Replace by calling python3 directly or use the equivalent %python3_* macros.

- Some non-singlespec packages only create python3-foo. They will either need an update to include python36-foo, python38-foo (and python39-foo in the near future), or all depending packages must only build for the primary python3, too. `%define pythons python3` or skip all non-primary interpreters.

- The previous item is also true for many packages, which have a python bindings subpackage but are not Python only. We introduced %python_subpackage_only so that these packages now can take advantage of the singlespec macros as well. The tracker comment on GitHub [6] has links to a few examples how to use it.

- %ifpython3 and %python3_only are evil. They have been deprecated for some months already. Essentially, they fail to recognize the new flavors python36 and python38 which replace python3. OTOH, older distributions will continue to use the python3 flavor. We have introduced a new %python_provides macro, but did not modify %ifpython3 or %python3_only to incorporate this, because it is not automatically clear whether the conditioned code block shall apply to all flavors of Python3 packages or only to the primary interpreter. Replace by something like

* `%if "%{python_flavor}" == "python3" || "%{?python_provides}" == "python3"` for sections only provided by the primary flavor.

* `%if 0%{python_version_nodots} > 34` or `%if "%{python_flavor}" != "python2"` for section applicable to all Python 3 flavors.

I'm still not convinced this is a good idea. This fundamental change to how the Python stack works means that we will have to deal with this for all the different modules, and there are packages that deliberately don't use the "singlespec" model because it doesn't work for them (e.g. they don't use setuptools or they are an application). What is the compelling reason to fully build out the stack this way? -- 真実はいつも一つ！/ Always, there's only one truth!