I screwed up my upgrade on my 8.0 system going to 8.2 and had to redo the whole thing last night. I didn't have a /home directory and at the recommendation of everyone, I made one before installing. Anyway, I made my /home directory 2GB in size. Is that too big....too small, or just fine? Thanks, Tom
On Sunday 27 April 2003 21:34, Tom Nielsen wrote:
I screwed up my upgrade on my 8.0 system going to 8.2 and had to redo the whole thing last night. I didn't have a /home directory and at the recommendation of everyone, I made one before installing.
Anyway, I made my /home directory 2GB in size. Is that too big....too small, or just fine?
That depends entirely on what you're doing with your machine. I have a lot of movies (> 1GB/movie) and music files so for me, 2GB isn't even 10% of what I need. On the other hand, if you have data storage on other machines, or other partitions, /home doesn't have to be very large. In that case, 2GB would be more than enough. If you're just dealing with documents, 2GB should also be plenty. If you're compiling a lot of software, 2GB is very likely too small in the long run. If this were on a school or certification test I'd send the test back with the note "Bad question, insufficient information" :)
Let me ask this...my / directory is about 8GB and my /home 2GB. If in the future I need more for /home, can I go to the partition program and make my / directory smaller and increase my /home? Tom On Sun, 2003-04-27 at 12:33, Anders Johansson wrote:
On Sunday 27 April 2003 21:34, Tom Nielsen wrote:
I screwed up my upgrade on my 8.0 system going to 8.2 and had to redo the whole thing last night. I didn't have a /home directory and at the recommendation of everyone, I made one before installing.
Anyway, I made my /home directory 2GB in size. Is that too big....too small, or just fine?
That depends entirely on what you're doing with your machine. I have a lot of movies (> 1GB/movie) and music files so for me, 2GB isn't even 10% of what I need.
On the other hand, if you have data storage on other machines, or other partitions, /home doesn't have to be very large. In that case, 2GB would be more than enough.
If you're just dealing with documents, 2GB should also be plenty.
If you're compiling a lot of software, 2GB is very likely too small in the long run.
If this were on a school or certification test I'd send the test back with the note "Bad question, insufficient information" :)
Op zondag 27 april 2003 21:46, schreef Tom Nielsen:
Let me ask this...my / directory is about 8GB and my /home 2GB. If in the future I need more for /home, can I go to the partition program and make my / directory smaller and increase my /home?
LVM (logical Volume Manager) can do that. More info about LVM on the net ;) -- Richard Bos Without a home the journey is endless
On Sunday 27 April 2003 20:46, Tom Nielsen wrote:
Let me ask this...my / directory is about 8GB and my /home 2GB. If in the future I need more for /home, can I go to the partition program and make my / directory smaller and increase my /home?
You should try lvm for a while, in order to reach a flexible system. Usually, it is better to detatch all from / partition: my / partition is usually <256Mb, and never put this one under lvm, or problems loading the driver with initrd will lead to kernel panics. All the other can go under lvm, so you will be able to resize them as needed. /usr is usually aroung 2Gb, opt a little smaller (this is true only for Suse, which has a fairly strange idea on where to puts things, because after a clean install /opt should be empty, like RH or debian do). Just to give hints... /dev/hda3 251M 131M 107M 56% / /dev/pool/data 9.4G 8.9G 70M 100% /home /dev/pool/opt 1.5G 1.3G 118M 92% /opt /dev/pool/usr 2.5G 2.0G 433M 83% /usr /dev/pool/var 809M 173M 595M 23% /var /dev/pool/tmp 764M 17M 709M 3% /tmp For the LVM part, my laptop is equipped with a dual installation, suse 8.2 and debian. So under lvm i created three volume groups: suse, debian and shared. - under shared I have /tmp, swap and /home; - under suse I have /usr and /opt (nearly the same size), and /var - under debian a big /usr, very little /opt and a medium sized /var (due to apt) Hope will help. -- Andrea Negro andrea@alessandria.linux.it ICQ 25458773
* Tom Nielsen (tom@neuro-logic.com) [030427 12:29]: ->I screwed up my upgrade on my 8.0 system going to 8.2 and had to redo ->the whole thing last night. I didn't have a /home directory and at the ->recommendation of everyone, I made one before installing. -> ->Anyway, I made my /home directory 2GB in size. Is that too big....too ->small, or just fine? This is how my machine is layed out. :) Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/hda2 2071416 420560 1545632 22% / /dev/hdb1 59106972 9500192 46604236 17% /home /dev/hda1 5162796 1040640 3859900 22% /opt /dev/hda3 22185428 4294060 16764412 21% /usr And yes, I've found that putting /opt on it's own slice at the beginning of the hard drive does speed things up. If one thinks about /opt is where KDE lives and those programs are quite large...so having them at the beginning of the disk does improve the speed. :) And I got in the habit a couple years ago of putting /home on a seperate disk so I never had to worry about that kind of thing. -- Ben Rosenberg ---===---===---===--- mailto:ben@whack.org Tell me what you believe.. I'll tell you what you should see.
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA1 Ben Rosenberg wrote:
* Tom Nielsen (tom@neuro-logic.com) [030427 12:29]: ->I screwed up my upgrade on my 8.0 system going to 8.2 and had to redo ->the whole thing last night. I didn't have a /home directory and at the ->recommendation of everyone, I made one before installing. -> ->Anyway, I made my /home directory 2GB in size. Is that too big....too ->small, or just fine?
This is how my machine is layed out. :)
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/hda2 2071416 420560 1545632 22% / /dev/hdb1 59106972 9500192 46604236 17% /home /dev/hda1 5162796 1040640 3859900 22% /opt /dev/hda3 22185428 4294060 16764412 21% /usr
And yes, I've found that putting /opt on it's own slice at the beginning of the hard drive does speed things up. If one thinks about /opt is where KDE lives and those programs are quite large...so having them at the beginning of the disk does improve the speed. :)
And I got in the habit a couple years ago of putting /home on a seperate disk so I never had to worry about that kind of thing.
nqs@Miverna:~> df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/hda3 16G 2.3G 13G 15% / /dev/hda4 23G 3.7G 20G 16% /home shmfs 62M 0 62M 0% /dev/shm /dev/hda1 16M 4.8M 9.7M 33% /data1 nqs@Miverna:~> When I upgrade, I'll make a /opt & /usr partition. hopefully goto a
100GB drive too at the same time
Joe - -- SuSE Linux 8.1 (i386) | Kernel 2.4.19-4GB / i686 4:06pm up 3 days, 7:46, 4 users, load average: 0.68, 0.59, 0.53 Wear a gun to someone else's house, you're saying, 'I'll defend this home as if it were my own.' When your guests see you carry a weapon, you're telling them,'I'll defend you as if you were my own family.' And anyone who objects levels the deadliest insult possible: 'I don't trust you unless you're rendered harmless'! L. Neil Smith, The Probability Broach nqs@cognisurf.com | Blog: http://tigger.tmcom.com/~josad/blogger.html GPG key: http://tigger.tmcom.com/~josad/GnuPG_Key.html | Geek Code: http://tigger.tmcom.com/~josad/geek_code.html -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v1.0.7 (GNU/Linux) Comment: Using GnuPG with Mozilla - http://enigmail.mozdev.org iD8DBQE+rGMBoShckWq1QrIRAjksAKCQ4kaC005Fg04p5sL0CxLfLZVacwCeOu2g Ton2vvgVUOXSvdi0bs8Algc= =qiBd -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
If I have a drive with a reiserfs and ntfs partitions, can I repartition the ntfs and make it reiserfs? Question 2, what would be the repercussions of adding a /home to a system that already exists? Thanks, Tom On Sun, 2003-04-27 at 15:50, Ben Rosenberg wrote:
* Tom Nielsen (tom@neuro-logic.com) [030427 12:29]: ->I screwed up my upgrade on my 8.0 system going to 8.2 and had to redo ->the whole thing last night. I didn't have a /home directory and at the ->recommendation of everyone, I made one before installing. -> ->Anyway, I made my /home directory 2GB in size. Is that too big....too ->small, or just fine?
This is how my machine is layed out. :)
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/hda2 2071416 420560 1545632 22% / /dev/hdb1 59106972 9500192 46604236 17% /home /dev/hda1 5162796 1040640 3859900 22% /opt /dev/hda3 22185428 4294060 16764412 21% /usr
And yes, I've found that putting /opt on it's own slice at the beginning of the hard drive does speed things up. If one thinks about /opt is where KDE lives and those programs are quite large...so having them at the beginning of the disk does improve the speed. :)
And I got in the habit a couple years ago of putting /home on a seperate disk so I never had to worry about that kind of thing.
-- Ben Rosenberg ---===---===---===--- mailto:ben@whack.org Tell me what you believe.. I'll tell you what you should see.
Question 2, what would be the repercussions of adding a /home to a system that already exists?
This shouldn't be too hard, especially since root's home is not in /home, it's /root. - Login as root and setup the new partition that will be /home. - Mount the new partition as /tmphome or something unique - cd to the current /home and "cp -a * /tmphome" - Edit your /etc/fstab to mount the new partition as /home upon reboot - mv the current /home to /oldhome so it will still be accessible post reboot - just in case - mkdir /home and chmod it appropriately so you have a mount point for the new partition post reboot - reboot Double check the cp options - I did this off the top of my head and you may need another switch or two to grab everything. If all goes well, you can later rm -rf /oldhome to reclaim that disk space back into /. -- John LeMay KC2KTH Senior Enterprise Consultant NJMC | http://www.njmc.com | Phone 732-557-4848 Specializing in Microsoft and Unix based solutions
On Sun, 2003-04-27 at 23:50, Ben Rosenberg wrote:
This is how my machine is layed out. :)
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/hda2 2071416 420560 1545632 22% / /dev/hdb1 59106972 9500192 46604236 17% /home /dev/hda1 5162796 1040640 3859900 22% /opt /dev/hda3 22185428 4294060 16764412 21% /usr
It is an alright layout, but personally I prefer something that splits off /var and /boot as well. A separate /usr is good, but you can not mount it r/o if you intend on using /usr/src and building your own things like kernel or the odd RPM. So a separate /usr/src might be handy as well. And for flexibility, use LVM, that way (with something like ReiserFS) you can grow and shrink your filesystems as you need it. Example: I started out with a 0.5GB /home. When I started filling it up, I added another 0.5GB. After a while that started to fill up, so I have added another 600MB. Should that prove to be to small, I'll add more. Beauty of LVM.
And yes, I've found that putting /opt on it's own slice at the beginning of the hard drive does speed things up. If one thinks about /opt is where KDE lives and those programs are quite large...so having them at the beginning of the disk does improve the speed. :)
Uhm, interesting observation. Commercial Unices like AIX advice you to put things you want to maximise access to on the Middle of the disk (with things running from Inner Edge to Outer Edge). Something about heads moving twice over the middle of the disk in a seek from inner edge to outer edge and back while achieving the best combination of data density and rotational speed.
And I got in the habit a couple years ago of putting /home on a seperate disk so I never had to worry about that kind of thing.
Best of all worlds if you can have it would be each LV on a separate
disk, maximum of three disks per U320 SCSI bus and maximum of 6 disks
per U320 adapter (if it has two buses). If your disks are 15k rpm your
system will not likely have an I/O bottle neck after that.. ;-)
Rgds,
--
Anders Karlsson
* Anders Karlsson (anders@trudheim.com) [030427 22:26]: -> ->Uhm, interesting observation. Commercial Unices like AIX advice you to ->put things you want to maximise access to on the Middle of the disk ->(with things running from Inner Edge to Outer Edge). Something about ->heads moving twice over the middle of the disk in a seek from inner edge ->to outer edge and back while achieving the best combination of data ->density and rotational speed. -> We have our mail servers at work with /var/spool as slice 0 and the preformance increase was dramatic so I figured that I would put /opt as slice 0 on my home machine when I did the fresh install of 8.2 to just to see if it would make a difference. I see quite a difference. Although I don't know if it's that in combination with using ext3 this time instead of ReiserFS. I may partition as I use to do when I install 8.2 at work and see if it's putting /opt as slice 0 or the use of ext3 that gave such a speed increase. Should be interesting. -- Ben Rosenberg ---===---===---===--- mailto:ben@whack.org Tell me what you believe.. I'll tell you what you should see.
On Mon, 2003-04-28 at 06:31, Ben Rosenberg wrote:
We have our mail servers at work with /var/spool as slice 0 and the preformance increase was dramatic so I figured that I would put /opt as slice 0 on my home machine when I did the fresh install of 8.2 to just to see if it would make a difference. I see quite a difference. Although I don't know if it's that in combination with using ext3 this time instead of ReiserFS. I may partition as I use to do when I install 8.2 at work and see if it's putting /opt as slice 0 or the use of ext3 that gave such a speed increase. Should be interesting.
If you do not mind the danger of losing data in a crash situation, your
/opt filesystem could use XFS. The risk of losing things if your system
crashes might be outweighed by the dramatic performace increase you
should see there. And since /opt rarely has anything written to it once
you have done your install, that might not be a problem.
Also, if you are using a journaled file system, if you can put your
journal on another disk, you should see a performace boost as well.
Rgds,
--
Anders Karlsson
* Anders Karlsson (anders@trudheim.com) [030427 22:53]: -> ->If you do not mind the danger of losing data in a crash situation, your ->/opt filesystem could use XFS. The risk of losing things if your system ->crashes might be outweighed by the dramatic performace increase you ->should see there. And since /opt rarely has anything written to it once ->you have done your install, that might not be a problem. -> ->Also, if you are using a journaled file system, if you can put your ->journal on another disk, you should see a performace boost as well. On the home machine it's not that there are lots of writes to /opt after the install but starting KDE, Moneydance, Mozilla and the many other things I install to opt start faster..that's where I see the advantage. I'm using EXT3 which is a journaled filesystem. When I was trying to get CrossOver 1.2.1 working..Mozilla froze X hard and my wife had her laptop out of the house so I had to just hit the powerswitch. Everything came back up fine. I didn't find any weird loss of files so EXT3 appears to work. Note: At work all the data that is vital lives on the Network Appliances so journaling isn't a big deal..besides UFS logging sucks under Solaris 2.8 ...and I think we'll be using SuSE before we upgrade to a newer version of Solaris. -- Ben Rosenberg ---===---===---===--- mailto:ben@whack.org Tell me what you believe.. I'll tell you what you should see.
Best of all worlds if you can have it would be each LV on a separate disk, maximum of three disks per U320 SCSI bus and maximum of 6 disks per U320 adapter (if it has two buses). If your disks are 15k rpm your system will not likely have an I/O bottle neck after that..
If people would follow that (good) advice, disk manufacturer's might start making real money again! A bit pricey, but sure would boost performance in a lot of scenarios! -- John LeMay KC2KTH Senior Enterprise Consultant NJMC | http://www.njmc.com | Phone 732-557-4848 Specializing in Microsoft and Unix based solutions
Op maandag 28 april 2003 07:25, schreef Anders Karlsson:
A separate /usr is good, but you can not mount it r/o if you intend on using /usr/src and building your own things like kernel or the odd RPM
Well, set this in .rpmmacros richard@dar:~> cat .rpmmacros %_topdir /home/richard/packages and you can make /usr ro. -- Richard Bos Without a home the journey is endless
On Monday 28 April 2003 06:25, Anders Karlsson wrote:
Best of all worlds if you can have it would be each LV on a separate disk, maximum of three disks per U320 SCSI bus and maximum of 6 disks per U320 adapter (if it has two buses). If your disks are 15k rpm your system will not likely have an I/O bottle neck after that.. ;-)
Rgds,
And of course a palace with full UPSs and private generator capacity and a T3 line. Now have you got this layout and are boasting, or are you having a pleasing pipe dream :-) Either way, I like it ... must put this on my Christmas list. -- Fergus Wilde Chetham's Library Long Millgate Manchester M3 1SB Tel: +44 161 834 7961 Fax: +44 161 839 5797 http://www.chethams.org.uk
On Sunday 27 April 2003 20:34, Tom Nielsen wrote:
I screwed up my upgrade on my 8.0 system going to 8.2 and had to redo the whole thing last night. I didn't have a /home directory and at the recommendation of everyone, I made one before installing.
Anyway, I made my /home directory 2GB in size. Is that too big....too small, or just fine?
Thanks, Tom
My recent policy on this has been to have a small /home partition (1GB - and NB I think you may have meant /home partition, not simply /home directory, which would make all /home data live on the / partition), adequately generous /, swap and /var, and then the rest of the disk devoted to a /data partition. The virtue of this is that I can reinstall over the disk several times, formating (having first backed up!) /home and the rest in order to save having to monkey with dot file incompatibilities, but not formatting /data. I just make /data the place I keep anything I want to preserve permanently. This may not be suitable if you have many users, of course, but works well for my desktop machines. I'm not trying to sell this as a substitute for backing up essential files before a re-install, of course. HTH Fergus -- Fergus Wilde Chetham's Library Long Millgate Manchester M3 1SB Tel: +44 161 834 7961 Fax: +44 161 839 5797 http://www.chethams.org.uk
participants (9)
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Anders Johansson -
Anders Karlsson -
Andrea Negro -
Ben Rosenberg -
Fergus Wilde -
Joe Dufresne -
John LeMay -
Richard Bos -
Tom Nielsen