More weird: Background activity may speed up things. My bisect failed, as bisect step immedate after booted showed slow speed with several runs. When or after compiling the kernel speed sometime doubled for several runs. With ~> uname -a Linux hertz 5.13.0-rc6-lp152.78-preempt_custom #4 SMP PREEMPT Thu Jun 17 13:46:19 CEST 2021 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux this effect is quite reproducable. Without other activity, read speed is about 50 kB/s. With " yes > /dev/null" running in another terminal, read speed doubles to about 100 kB/s. Killing "yes ..." gets me back to 50 kB/s Hints welcome