Comment # 1 on bug 1174391 from Takashi Iwai

It's a known problem regarding the AMDGPU firmware update that broke with this
kernel-firmware update, but your case doesn't seem that.  Or is it with AMDGPU?

Other than that, the only other changes in this update were Realtek rtl8125b
stuff, but this doesn't look matching with yours (with Realtek but different
chips).

Could you try to identify which kernel-firmware-xxx package may break things?
It'd be greatly appreciated if we can know that.

You can save initrd file beforehand (just copy /boot/initrd-xxx to
/boot/initrd-xxx.old), and choose it in GRUB menu for recovery, too.