apparmor_parser --skip-read-cache --write-cache -r /etc/apparmor.d/
should do that. ("Should" because I didn't test it - but the manpage
explicitely recommends this combination.)

An easier-to-remember way is to   touch /etc/apparmor.d/$whatever
which will also rebuild the cache for profiles including this file when
the profiles get reloaded next time.

That said - not shipping the precompiled cache is the easiest way to
avoid problems like yours. I changed the package so that it doesn't
include the precompiled cache for Tumbleweed anymore (SR was accepted
yesterday, will be included in one of the next Tumbleweed snapshots).
The only disadvantage is that booting after a major kernel update (with
a new AppArmor feature hash) will need some additional seconds to build
a new cache. (Updates of the apparmor-profiles or apparmor-abstractions
package will also build a new cache, but that gets done after package
installation.)

For a more detailed (and summarized) description, see boo#1205659