Further up in the strace output it seems that the auth information read in from /home/pief/.Xauthority is rejected: recvfrom(5, "\0\26\v\0\0\0\6\0", 8, 0, NULL, NULL) = 8 recvfrom(5, "No protocol specified\n\0\0", 24, 0, NULL, NULL) = 24 Explaining why it falls back to trying broadwayd. But why is it rejected? I tried removing /home/pief/.Xauthority and relogin, but that didn't help of course. (Note that I do NOT have a ~/.Xinitrc and /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc.d/50-systemd-user.sh appears to run correctly.)