Comment # 11 on bug 1192569 from Takashi Iwai

I still believe it's some issue with the USB connected via type-C.  Your
journal log showed at the beginning:

Nov 10 19:50:27 rombert kernel: xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: Abort failed to stop
command ring: -110
Nov 10 19:50:27 rombert kernel: xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: xHCI host controller not
responding, assume dead
Nov 10 19:50:27 rombert kernel: xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: HC died; cleaning up
Nov 10 19:50:27 rombert kernel: Bluetooth: hci0: urb 0000000034dd51f7
submission failed (108)
Nov 10 19:50:27 rombert kernel: Bluetooth: hci0: sending frame failed (-108)
Nov 10 19:50:27 rombert kernel: xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: Timeout while waiting
for setup device command

and this smells like the root cause of the non-working scanner.
You can check whether this really appears whenever the problem happens.