>when they want to install Ubuntu or Windows alongside the openSUSE system That does not answer the question - are we expecting Ubuntu or Windows to put molasses of data into the ESP? openSUSE certainly does not at present. >Advanced Format 4K Native drives (4-KiB-per-sector) drives, the size must be at least 256 MiB because that's the minimum partition size of FAT32 drives So one could choose FAT16. >Really, 15 years ago in Europe it was already almost impossible to buy a disk smaller than 10GiB. I am not arguing about the size choice of 256M, but I wish, in general, that everyone could get over the narrow-sightedness that everybody has, or has to have, high-density slow-access spinning hard disks. Flash was and is still one power-10 order of magnitude smaller, then (40 GB vs 4 GB CF card) and now (10 TB rust vs 1 TB SSDs). And that Optane looks like some more power-2 orders down in terms of size...