Comment # 1 on bug 1093468 from Jiri Srain

The difference is that - according to the log - during installation you
installed GRUB's 1st stage into sda4 (the extended partition) while later to
the logical volume (sda5).

Did you try to chainload sda4 after installation?

Note: While the generic boot code from MBR can usually load bootloader from
boot sector of extended partition, it cannot from logical volume.