With the help of @snwint we found out that at least during installation, the YaST start scripts at some point call /usr/lib/YaST2/bin/testX which also tries to start the "icewm" window manager. We don't know yet if this is also what the start scripts starting yast-firstboot do (but I guess they do). When I run this testX in a running Xfce4 environment, I get an error testX: could not run windowmanager fatal IO error 2 (No such file or directory) on X server ":0.0"