Comment # 1 on bug 916781 from Johannes Meixner

"Read-only file system" issues are no actual printing issues.
The printing system requires a normal usable (file)system.
Therefore I am the wrong assignee here.

Only a blind guess:
Do you perhaps use btrfs as filesystem and
did you perhaps not boot your normal system
but insteda you booted from a btrfs snapshot?
As far as I know in this case the filesystem is read-only
and you have to do some manual steps to get from the
booted snapshot to a normal usable system again.
But I am not at all an expert here, therefore only a guess.

FYI:
Regarding the parallel port:
Nowadays printing via the parallel port does
no longer work out of the box which means you
have to do some manual setup to make it work.
Basically as root "modprobe lp" should be enough
to make printing via the parallel port working again, see
"Parallel port printers do no longer work out of the box" at
https://en.opensuse.org/Archive:Printing_News