Hi Ivan, Thank you for providing very clear steps. I must say that Suse's 'mkdud' and 'mksusecd' are very easy to get started and use. Although there are no dpkg packages, I can use alien to convert them into .deb files, so I can run these debug steps on Ubuntu. When I put all the drivers (about 50+) into initrd.img, it's clear that most of the drivers can be detected. This also includes USB HOST and ethernet. After about half a day of cleaning up, it is now clear that to support the USB host driver (USB PORT 3) on the mt8195-demo board, the following drivers need to be added. This is base on the current iso images and kernel packages. For enable USB HOST: MODULES="clk-mt8195-imp_iic_wrap mt6360_charger mtk-pmic-wrap nvmem_mtk-efuse" The following are the binaries I've used: - kernel: kernel-default-6.5.6-1.1.gc97c2df.aarch64.rpm current-ISO: - openSUSE-Tumbleweed-NET-aarch64-Snapshot20231003-Media.iso I'll do next for enabling the ethernet driver.