After the first > sudo umount -v -R /mnt/chroot: > ll /mnt/chroot total 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 7 13:26 nothing_is_mounted > mount proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) devtmpfs on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,size=4096k,nr_inodes=1048576,mode=755,inode64) securityfs on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,inode64) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000) tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,size=3141212k,nr_inodes=819200,mode=755,inode64) cgroup2 on /sys/fs/cgroup type cgroup2 (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,nsdelegate,memory_recursiveprot) pstore on /sys/fs/pstore type pstore (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) bpf on /sys/fs/bpf type bpf (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,mode=700) /dev/nvme0n1p4 on / type btrfs (rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=504,subvol=/@/.snapshots/239/snapshot) systemd-1 on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type autofs (rw,relatime,fd=30,pgrp=1,timeout=0,minproto=5,maxproto=5,direct,pipe_ino=25704) mqueue on /dev/mqueue type mqueue (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) hugetlbfs on /dev/hugepages type hugetlbfs (rw,relatime,pagesize=2M) debugfs on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) tracefs on /sys/kernel/tracing type tracefs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,nr_inodes=1048576,inode64) fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) configfs on /sys/kernel/config type configfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) /dev/nvme0n1p4 on /.snapshots type btrfs (rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=265,subvol=/@/.snapshots) /dev/nvme0n1p4 on /boot/grub2/x86_64-efi type btrfs (rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=263,subvol=/@/boot/grub2/x86_64-efi) /dev/nvme0n1p4 on /boot/grub2/i386-pc type btrfs (rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=264,subvol=/@/boot/grub2/i386-pc) /dev/nvme0n1p4 on /home type btrfs (rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=262,subvol=/@/home) /dev/sda1 on /mnt/backups type btrfs (rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache,subvolid=5,subvol=/) /dev/nvme0n1p4 on /srv type btrfs (rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=259,subvol=/@/srv) /dev/nvme0n1p4 on /root type btrfs (rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=260,subvol=/@/root) /dev/nvme0n1p4 on /opt type btrfs (rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=261,subvol=/@/opt) /dev/nvme0n1p4 on /var type btrfs (rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=257,subvol=/@/var) /dev/nvme0n1p4 on /usr/local type btrfs (rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=258,subvol=/@/usr/local) /dev/nvme0n1p1 on /boot/efi type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro) tmpfs on /run/user/1000 type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=1570604k,nr_inodes=392651,mode=700,uid=1000,gid=1000,inode64) gvfsd-fuse on /run/user/1000/gvfs type fuse.gvfsd-fuse (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000) portal on /run/user/1000/doc type fuse.portal (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000) > cat /proc/mounts proc /proc proc rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0 devtmpfs /dev devtmpfs rw,nosuid,size=4096k,nr_inodes=1048576,mode=755,inode64 0 0 securityfs /sys/kernel/security securityfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,inode64 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000 0 0 tmpfs /run tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,size=3141212k,nr_inodes=819200,mode=755,inode64 0 0 cgroup2 /sys/fs/cgroup cgroup2 rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,nsdelegate,memory_recursiveprot 0 0 pstore /sys/fs/pstore pstore rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0 efivarfs /sys/firmware/efi/efivars efivarfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0 bpf /sys/fs/bpf bpf rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,mode=700 0 0 /dev/nvme0n1p4 / btrfs rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=504,subvol=/@/.snapshots/239/snapshot 0 0 systemd-1 /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc autofs rw,relatime,fd=30,pgrp=1,timeout=0,minproto=5,maxproto=5,direct,pipe_ino=25704 0 0 mqueue /dev/mqueue mqueue rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0 hugetlbfs /dev/hugepages hugetlbfs rw,relatime,pagesize=2M 0 0 debugfs /sys/kernel/debug debugfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0 tracefs /sys/kernel/tracing tracefs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0 tmpfs /tmp tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,nr_inodes=1048576,inode64 0 0 fusectl /sys/fs/fuse/connections fusectl rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0 configfs /sys/kernel/config configfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0 /dev/nvme0n1p4 /.snapshots btrfs rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=265,subvol=/@/.snapshots 0 0 /dev/nvme0n1p4 /boot/grub2/x86_64-efi btrfs rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=263,subvol=/@/boot/grub2/x86_64-efi 0 0 /dev/nvme0n1p4 /boot/grub2/i386-pc btrfs rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=264,subvol=/@/boot/grub2/i386-pc 0 0 /dev/nvme0n1p4 /home btrfs rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=262,subvol=/@/home 0 0 /dev/sda1 /mnt/backups btrfs rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache,subvolid=5,subvol=/ 0 0 /dev/nvme0n1p4 /srv btrfs rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=259,subvol=/@/srv 0 0 /dev/nvme0n1p4 /root btrfs rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=260,subvol=/@/root 0 0 /dev/nvme0n1p4 /opt btrfs rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=261,subvol=/@/opt 0 0 /dev/nvme0n1p4 /var btrfs rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=257,subvol=/@/var 0 0 /dev/nvme0n1p4 /usr/local btrfs rw,relatime,ssd,space_cache=v2,subvolid=258,subvol=/@/usr/local 0 0 /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot/efi vfat rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro 0 0 tmpfs /run/user/1000 tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=1570604k,nr_inodes=392651,mode=700,uid=1000,gid=1000,inode64 0 0 gvfsd-fuse /run/user/1000/gvfs fuse.gvfsd-fuse rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000 0 0 portal /run/user/1000/doc fuse.portal rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000 0 0 I didn't see any references to /dev/sdb or /mnt/chroot with grep for either command. The journal says the umount was successful: Jul 07 13:42:48 Mobile-PC sudo[3403]: gene : TTY=pts/0 ; PWD=/home/gene ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/usr/bin/umount -v -R /mnt/chroot Jul 07 13:42:48 Mobile-PC sudo[3403]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by (uid=1000) Jul 07 13:42:48 Mobile-PC sudo[3403]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root Jul 07 13:42:48 Mobile-PC systemd[1]: mnt-chroot-sys-kernel-security.mount: Deactivated successfully. Jul 07 13:42:48 Mobile-PC systemd[1]: mnt-chroot-sys-kernel-config.mount: Deactivated successfully. Jul 07 13:42:48 Mobile-PC systemd[1]: mnt-chroot-sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount: Deactivated successfully. Jul 07 13:42:48 Mobile-PC systemd[1]: mnt-chroot-sys-kernel-tracing.mount: Deactivated successfully. Jul 07 13:42:48 Mobile-PC systemd[1]: mnt-chroot-sys-kernel-debug.mount: Deactivated successfully. Jul 07 13:42:48 Mobile-PC systemd[1]: mnt-chroot-sys-fs-bpf.mount: Deactivated successfully. Jul 07 13:42:48 Mobile-PC systemd[1]: mnt-chroot-sys-firmware-efi-efivars.mount: Deactivated successfully. Jul 07 13:42:48 Mobile-PC systemd[1]: mnt-chroot-sys-fs-pstore.mount: Deactivated successfully. Jul 07 13:42:48 Mobile-PC systemd[1]: mnt-chroot-sys-fs-cgroup.mount: Deactivated successfully. Jul 07 13:42:48 Mobile-PC systemd[1]: mnt-chroot-sys.mount: Deactivated successfully. Jul 07 13:42:48 Mobile-PC systemd[1]: mnt-chroot.mount: Deactivated successfully. Check out what happens when I run journalctl -f and umplug/replug the drive: Jul 07 13:50:31 Mobile-PC kernel: usb 2-1: USB disconnect, device number 2 Jul 07 13:50:31 Mobile-PC systemd[1]: Stopping Sabrent-Samsung temperature monitor daemon, started by udev rule... Jul 07 13:50:31 Mobile-PC systemd[1]: Sabrent-Samsung-tempd.service: Deactivated successfully. Jul 07 13:50:31 Mobile-PC systemd[1]: Stopped Sabrent-Samsung temperature monitor daemon, started by udev rule. Jul 07 13:50:31 Mobile-PC systemd[1]: Sabrent-Samsung-tempd.service: Consumed 5.075s CPU time. Jul 07 13:50:32 Mobile-PC kernel: sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Synchronizing SCSI cache Jul 07 13:50:32 Mobile-PC kernel: sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Synchronize Cache(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_ERROR driverbyte=DRIVER_OK Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC kernel: usb 2-1: new SuperSpeed Plus Gen 2x1 USB device number 3 using xhci_hcd Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC kernel: usb 2-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=9210, bcdDevice=20.01 Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC kernel: usb 2-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3 Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC kernel: usb 2-1: Product: Sabrent Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC kernel: usb 2-1: Manufacturer: Sabrent Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC kernel: usb 2-1: SerialNumber: 012345678930 Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC kernel: scsi host3: uas Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC mtp-probe[4457]: checking bus 2, device 3: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:08.1/0000:03:00.3/usb2/2-1" Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC mtp-probe[4457]: bus: 2, device: 3 was not an MTP device Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC kernel: scsi 3:0:0:0: Direct-Access Sabrent 1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6 Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC mtp-probe[4458]: checking bus 2, device 3: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:08.1/0000:03:00.3/usb2/2-1" Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC mtp-probe[4458]: bus: 2, device: 3 was not an MTP device Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC kernel: sd 3:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 0 Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC systemd[1]: Started Sabrent-Samsung temperature monitor daemon, started by udev rule. Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC kernel: sd 3:0:0:0: [sdc] 1000215216 512-byte logical blocks: (512 GB/477 GiB) Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC kernel: sd 3:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is off Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC kernel: sd 3:0:0:0: [sdc] Mode Sense: 37 00 00 08 Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC kernel: sd 3:0:0:0: [sdc] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC kernel: sd 3:0:0:0: [sdc] Optimal transfer size 33553920 bytes Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC kernel: sdc: sdc1 sdc2 Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC kernel: sd 3:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI disk Jul 07 13:50:38 Mobile-PC kernel: BTRFS warning: duplicate device /dev/sdc2 devid 1 generation 6733 scanned by systemd-udevd (4456) Notice that it reattached as /dev/sdc2. I get the same message when the mount fails: Jul 07 13:52:20 Mobile-PC sudo[4716]: gene : TTY=pts/1 ; PWD=/home/gene ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/usr/bin/mount -v UUID=4c96a0c2-f72f-4827-b023-83ba000b2fd2 /mnt/chroot Jul 07 13:52:20 Mobile-PC kernel: BTRFS warning: duplicate device /dev/sdc2 devid 1 generation 6733 scanned by mount (4717) Jul 07 13:52:20 Mobile-PC sudo[4716]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by (uid=1000) Jul 07 13:52:20 Mobile-PC sudo[4716]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root Let me know if you need more info. An aside, this only seems to happen for --rbind and --make-rslave. Just mounting the root drive doesn't cause a problem. Thanks, Gene