Results so far: 1) I set up a qemu system with bochs and disk encryption to simulate the test environment. 2a) If CONFIG_FB_DEVICE=y, plymouth displays the password prompt. 2b) If CONFIG_FB_DEVICE=n, booting the kernel without 'splash=silent' and 'quite' displays the boot-up messages in text mode (without plymouth). I can enter the password as usual here. 2c) If CONFIG_FB_DEVICE=n, plymouth does not display the password prompt. It appears to hang the system boot. No input is being accepted and the previous kernel messages are being displayed. But I do briefly see plymouth's 'spinning wheel' animation show up. This has to run on DRM interface. So I assume that plymouth tries to display the prompt to DRM as well, but fails and releases DRM entirely. Hence the system displays obsolete kernel output and waits for the password.