Comment # 22 on bug 1217613 from Takashi Iwai

Well, the logs in comment 19 and comment 20 indicate that nouveau driver isn't
used at all, and your graphics is driven by BIOS EFI framebuffer by some
reason.
And EFI framebuffer won't work after suspend/resume in most cases.
So that's no surprise if the graphics is dead afterwards.

But, it might be another stuff that gets broken after suspend/resume, too.
For example, b43 is known to be often buggy.  You can try to blacklist such
drivers and verify whether it changes the behavior, for example.