[opensuse] Post installation queries (FIRST successful installation of Linux)
HI, I am very glad to say that I have installed openSUSE 11.4 finally and with it, I am glad that I have done it (the first Linux installation). Wow, it looks pretty cute, nice display. openSUSE is good but there are some issues which I definitely would be facing. Step by step I am writing it below. But before that I would thank to the creators and developers of openSUSE. 1. My printer Samsung ML-1610, was not detected (still not getting detected) and I am not able to take the prints.. What should I do? When to Yast and tried for detection but that doesn't help.. 2. Just after the installation, music player was not working, however, I just opened the file 'codecs-kde.ymp' (after downloading it) and it said me some warnings like that of some other repositories....(looked to me as if it is like that....), like 'pacman' or something else and it WARNED me that 'it could crash your system' BUT I just accepted that (I cannot live without music!) and I guess openSUSE is made by so skilled persons, why not to accept that warning, I did that....Now the music is working (amarok, etc...) But is it dangerous (that something like ...'pacman'...website..) and it was directly importing some keys from their (I don't know for which keys it warned me...). So was it safe? 3. I created one user during installation and gave its password. Now, is this user [which has system administrative privileges (was written underneath the user when I created it)] having some sort of root powers ... or that is different? Since when I go to yast, it says me to enter the root password and I only enter the password of this created user (with which I log-in too) and yast works, so by default that is the password of root also? Or different (since I didn't set the root password and it is accepting that password..!). Or could root password be set separately..? 4. After the live CD installation (KDE, x86_64), when I opened the Yast, it automatically was downloading files, so is it always safe that it downloads all those files (I don't know what exactly those all files and stuff...) it download and uses it. 5. When I opened the Firefox, it is saying its version is '4.0b12', so it is not stable, it may have some bug remaining (what I came to know...) so how could I do it (or make it) remain the stable Firefox version....Since I read (somewhere) that 'b' and 'alpha' releases are development releases and not stable, so they may have some sort of bug(s)... The only thing with me is of 'less time'. Though it took a little bit time to boot but it really doesn't matter for me. It looks great. I hope it would be good for me in the long terms. -- THX -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Linux Tyro said the following on 11/03/2011 01:20 PM:
Though it took a little bit time to boot but it really doesn't matter for me. It looks great. I hope it would be good for me in the long terms.
Could somebody guide him though YAST and setting up the update repositories, please, and make sure his boot scripts run in parallel and give him some hits about checking logs. I'm off doing Fedora things this week or I'd do that :-) -- The obvious mathematical breakthrough would be development of an easy way to factor large prime numbers. -- Bill Gates, _The Road Ahead_ -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA1 On Thursday, 2011-11-03 at 13:20 -0400, Linux Tyro wrote:
2. Just after the installation, music player was not working, however, I just opened the file 'codecs-kde.ymp' (after downloading it) and it said me some warnings like that of some other repositories....(looked to me as if it is like that....), like 'pacman' or something else and it WARNED me that 'it could crash your system' BUT I just accepted that (I cannot live without music!) and I guess openSUSE is made by so skilled persons, why not to accept that warning, I did that....Now the music is working (amarok, etc...) But is it dangerous (that something like ...'pacman'...website..) and it was directly importing some keys from their (I don't know for which keys it warned me...). So was it safe?
Packman is pretty safe, and it is the only way we can have multimedia. You can also have a look here at the "stikies": http://forums.opensuse.org/english/get-technical-help-here/multimedia/
3. I created one user during installation and gave its password. Now, is this user [which has system administrative privileges (was written underneath the user when I created it)] having some sort of root powers ... or that is different? Since when I go to yast, it says me to enter the root password and I only enter the password of this created user (with which I log-in too) and yast works, so by default that is the password of root also? Or different (since I didn't set the root password and it is accepting that password..!). Or could root password be set separately..?
You normally will have a plain user and root, and typically both have the same password. Some of us think this is wrong, so if you want you can just change the password for root.
4. After the live CD installation (KDE, x86_64), when I opened the Yast, it automatically was downloading files, so is it always safe that it downloads all those files (I don't know what exactly those all files and stuff...) it download and uses it.
What the yast package manager loads first are the updated indexes of the packages it can offer for you later. It doesn't install anything unless you tell it so.
5. When I opened the Firefox, it is saying its version is '4.0b12', so it is not stable, it may have some bug remaining (what I came to know...) so how could I do it (or make it) remain the stable Firefox version....Since I read (somewhere) that 'b' and 'alpha' releases are development releases and not stable, so they may have some sort of bug(s)...
That is because you have just installed. Go to yast, open the "online update" an it will update a lot of things, including firefox. - -- Cheers, Carlos E. R. (from 11.4 x86_64 "Celadon" at Telcontar) -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v2.0.16 (GNU/Linux) iEYEARECAAYFAk6zO5MACgkQtTMYHG2NR9UZIACfaUTV+9wP5YF/7UjaFumzbHY4 5aoAn3K1b39tmgkuKXeWihUSWYfIGhve =xPry -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On Thu, Nov 3, 2011 at 9:10 PM, Carlos E. R.
What the yast package manager loads first are the updated indexes of the packages it can offer for you later. It doesn't install anything unless you tell it so.
And even if I accept all those packages (without I actually know what the packages do), it would have no harm...? My printer Samsung ML-1610, was not detected (still not getting detected) and I am not able to take the prints.. What should I do? When to Yast and tried for detection but that doesn't help.. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Linux Tyro said the following on 11/04/2011 04:47 AM:
On Thu, Nov 3, 2011 at 9:10 PM, Carlos E. R.
wrote: What the yast package manager loads first are the updated indexes of the packages it can offer for you later. It doesn't install anything unless you tell it so.
And even if I accept all those packages (without I actually know what the packages do), it would have no harm...?
My printer Samsung ML-1610, was not detected (still not getting detected) and I am not able to take the prints.. What should I do? When to Yast and tried for detection but that doesn't help..
Like any number of time/life management books will tell you, deal with one thing at a time. Get your updates working and the necessary repositories set up. There's no point complaining abut what can't be done if you don't have the up to date software. As for printers, you need to get CUPS working and you need the definition package for your printer. You should have this in a CD that came with the printer; that was the case for my printers. -- Men fear thought as they fear nothing else on earth, more than ruin, more even than death. . . . Thought is subversive and revolutionary, destructive and terrible, thought is merciless to privilege, established institutions, and comfortable habit. Thought looks into the pit of hell and is not afraid. Thought is great and swift and free, the light of the world, and the chief glory of man. -- Bertrand Russell -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 7:07 AM, Anton Aylward
Get your updates working and the necessary repositories set up. There's no point complaining abut what can't be done if you don't have the up to date software.
I have done this complete and still was the printer problem!
As for printers, you need to get CUPS working and you need the definition package for your printer. You should have this in a CD that came with the printer; that was the case for my printers.
Neither touched (anything on CUPS) nor have the original CD to do
that, if I were having, it would have been no more an issue!
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 7:09 AM, Johannes Meixner
Install both the OpenPrintingPPDs-ghostscript RPM and also the splix RPM, see the "Driver" section in http://en.opensuse.org/YaST_Printer ------------------------------------------------------------------- The Add New Printer Configuration Dialog ... Driver ... click the "Driver Packages" button to check whether or not you may have to install more printer driver software packages
Ah, it really worked, I just installed 'OpenPrintingPPDs-ghostscript'
and 'splix' from Yast (after putting this in the search field) and it
got installed and now the printer is working! Thanks that I didn't go
the long way of CUPS since needed the printer only for one PC.
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 7:13 AM, Carlos E. R.
And even if I accept all those packages (without I actually know what the packages do), it would have no harm...?
Normally, no; specially if you restrict yourself to YOU.
I am sure even if I don't know about all those packages which the Yast
(very clever) installs automatically, it would not do any harm since I
read in a review, 'openSUSE is developed by much skilled persons'.
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 7:18 AM, Anton Aylward
Well, I guess the passwords of the superuser ('root') and this created 'user' (during installation) is same until I manually change the root password but the two users are, of course, different. I guess it is like this....? I just see how to change the root password.
You said it was security of Linux that impressed you?
I didn't say that this was the **particular** aspect I was impressed
with but rather in review what I read is, "openSUSE is without a
doubt, the overall best distribution currently available EXCEPT that
for the novice, it takes way too much knowledge to make it work 'just
like Windows'."
Further why actually this could be an good OS is because it works on
open-mindedness. It says, "The openSUSE project explicitly looks
beyond the technical community to the broader non-technical community
of computer users interested in Linux." This line only changed my mind
for which I installed it.
"Note that it is the bigger community which is non-technical and uses
computers".
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 7:42 AM, Anton Aylward
And how do you change the root password?
su
password:
passwd
Changing password for root.
New Password:
Reenter New Password:
Password changed.
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 7:52 AM, Basil Chupin
I think, Linux Tyro, you should make up your mind which distro you are going to get used to to begin with.
It seems you are asking the same questions in Ubuntu mail list as well as here.
If you run after two hares you won't catch either.
Sure, I have made it now for sure that openSUSE is the way to go and because of aforesaid reason ("The openSUSE project explicitly looks beyond the technical community to the broader non-technical community of computer users interested in Linux"), I have already installed it and now the printer is working too! See more things when I get time.. -- THX -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA1 On Friday, 2011-11-04 at 04:47 -0400, Linux Tyro wrote:
On Thu, Nov 3, 2011 at 9:10 PM, Carlos E. R. <> wrote:
What the yast package manager loads first are the updated indexes of the packages it can offer for you later. It doesn't install anything unless you tell it so.
And even if I accept all those packages (without I actually know what the packages do), it would have no harm...?
Normally, no; specially if you restrict yourself to YOU. - -- Cheers, Carlos E. R. (from 11.4 x86_64 "Celadon" at Telcontar) -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v2.0.16 (GNU/Linux) iEYEARECAAYFAk6zyO0ACgkQtTMYHG2NR9WUHQCeJEYRUjKbAAn5T3PITgxFVak+ O7gAn3X/kQlc9IBuQn8KVYEYOCsnsM2s =kdCt -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Carlos E. R. wrote:
3. I created one user during installation and gave its password. Now, is this user [which has system administrative privileges (was written underneath the user when I created it)] having some sort of root powers ... or that is different? Since when I go to yast, it says me to enter the root password and I only enter the password of this created user (with which I log-in too) and yast works, so by default that is the password of root also? Or different (since I didn't set the root password and it is accepting that password..!). Or could root password be set separately..?
You normally will have a plain user and root, and typically both have the same password.
Typically? Well, they're only the same if you make them the same. -- Per Jessen, Zürich (11.8°C) -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 5:02 AM, Per Jessen
3. I created one user during installation and gave its password. Now, is this user [which has system administrative privileges (was written underneath the user when I created it)] having some sort of root powers ... or that is different? Since when I go to yast, it says me to enter the root password and I only enter the password of this created user (with which I log-in too) and yast works, so by default that is the password of root also? Or different (since I didn't set the root password and it is accepting that password..!). Or could root password be set separately..?
You normally will have a plain user and root, and typically both have the same password.
Typically? Well, they're only the same if you make them the same.
Well, I guess the passwords of the superuser ('root') and this created 'user' (during installation) is same until I manually change the root password but the two users are, of course, different. I guess it is like this....? I just see how to change the root password. -- THX -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Linux Tyro said the following on 11/04/2011 06:11 AM:
Well, I guess the passwords of the superuser ('root') and this created 'user' (during installation) is same until I manually change the root password but the two users are, of course, different. I guess it is like this....? I just see how to change the root password.
You said it was security of Linux that impressed you? Well, only if you don't subvert it by doing silly/stupid things that are typical of Windows. Having and normally using a non-root user is an important part of that. Root is only for the admin tasks that require root. Preferably root login should be disables so that you have to log in as a regular user and then user 'sudo'. I've no doubt that people out of windows find this an inconvenient imposition, but then again, running with God-like power is one reason Windows has so many security problems. Yes, Vista tried to address this but managed to annoy. It *is* possible to delegate the various subsystems to higher-than-user but lower-than-root accounts with Suse, but its not worth the effort of setting it up unless you are in a serious and large IT shop where the administration of MANY machines is handled by many individuals with specific roles and responsibilities. -- Communism doesn't work because people like to own stuff. Frank Zappa -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Well, I guess the passwords of the superuser ('root') and this created 'user' (during installation) is same until I manually change the root password but the two users are, of course, different. I guess it is like this....? I just see how to change the root password.
And how do you change the root password? Have you read the 'passwd' man page? How does the command differ if .. a) you run it when logged in as a non-root user b) you run it with the name of a user as a parameter? PLEASE read the man pages. http://tinyurl.com/qolv PLEASE use 'apropos' with a few keywords to find man pages that might be relevant. When I google for "password suse" the first hit is "How do i set password in Suse Linux" Go google! We prefer 'what does the man page mean when it says ..." type questions to ones that could be answered simply by reading the man page or experimenting with command, or reading the docs under /usr/share for yourself. http://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/rtfm.png You'll learn better by trying things for yourself. As I said, *NIX is about pattens, ways of doing things, rather than the rote learning associated with Windows administration. -- I'm sure you remember Richard Clarke, the one-time special adviser to the president on cybersecurity saying: "If you spend more on coffee than on IT security, then you will be hacked. What's more, you deserve to be hacked." So we ask the "obvious" question: What kind of coffee is so good that you'd spend more on it than on IT security? -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On 04/11/11 21:11, Linux Tyro wrote:
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 5:02 AM, Per Jessen
wrote: 3. I created one user during installation and gave its password. Now, is this user [which has system administrative privileges (was written underneath the user when I created it)] having some sort of root powers ... or that is different? Since when I go to yast, it says me to enter the root password and I only enter the password of this created user (with which I log-in too) and yast works, so by default that is the password of root also? Or different (since I didn't set the root password and it is accepting that password..!). Or could root password be set separately..? You normally will have a plain user and root, and typically both have the same password. Typically? Well, they're only the same if you make them the same. Well, I guess the passwords of the superuser ('root') and this created 'user' (during installation) is same until I manually change the root password but the two users are, of course, different. I guess it is like this....? I just see how to change the root password.
-- THX
I think, Linux Tyro, you should make up your mind which distro you are going to get used to to begin with. It seems you are asking the same questions in Ubuntu mail list as well as here. If you run after two hares you won't catch either. BC -- The truth is incontrovertible, malice may attack it, ignorance may deride it, but in the end, there it is. Sir Winston Churchill -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA1 On 2011-11-04 10:02, Per Jessen wrote:
Carlos E. R. wrote:
You normally will have a plain user and root, and typically both have the same password.
Typically? Well, they're only the same if you make them the same.
The default in YaST nowdays is both the same password. - -- Cheers / Saludos, Carlos E. R. (from 11.4 x86_64 "Celadon" at Telcontar) -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v2.0.16 (GNU/Linux) Comment: Using GnuPG with SUSE - http://enigmail.mozdev.org/ iEYEARECAAYFAk6zvTQACgkQtTMYHG2NR9XVhQCcDcwvifzUc+ynlCijTMTXC2m+ O1AAnj1oT2TZa9nVIBKQXEgFx3x5buwd =XUiD -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Carlos E. R. wrote:
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA1
On 2011-11-04 10:02, Per Jessen wrote:
Carlos E. R. wrote:
You normally will have a plain user and root, and typically both have the same password.
Typically? Well, they're only the same if you make them the same.
The default in YaST nowdays is both the same password.
Really? I wasn't aware of that. I'm sure I did a Factory install just the other day and still had to enter two passwords. Well, if you're right, the openSUSE attitude towards security is deteriorating rapidly. -- Per Jessen, Zürich (12.4°C) -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Le 04/11/2011 11:50, Per Jessen a écrit :
The default in YaST nowdays is both the same password.
Really? I wasn't aware of that. I'm sure I did a Factory install just the other day and still had to enter two passwords.
Well, if you're right, the openSUSE attitude towards security is deteriorating rapidly.
it's pretty old default, now. Of course one of the defaults I always remove... jdd -- http://www.dodin.net http://pizzanetti.fr -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 11:50, Per Jessen
Carlos E. R. wrote:
On 2011-11-04 10:02, Per Jessen wrote:
Carlos E. R. wrote:
You normally will have a plain user and root, and typically both have the same password.
Typically? Well, they're only the same if you make them the same.
The default in YaST nowdays is both the same password.
Really? I wasn't aware of that. I'm sure I did a Factory install just the other day and still had to enter two passwords.
Rapidly? It's been like that for a while now... at least early 2008... https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=381420 Just for clarity on what this is about... on the Create New User screen of the installation wizard, there is a check-box that is checked by default: Use this password for system administrator C. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Clayton wrote:
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 11:50, Per Jessen
wrote: Carlos E. R. wrote:
On 2011-11-04 10:02, Per Jessen wrote:
Carlos E. R. wrote:
You normally will have a plain user and root, and typically both have the same password.
Typically? Well, they're only the same if you make them the same.
The default in YaST nowdays is both the same password.
Really? I wasn't aware of that. I'm sure I did a Factory install just the other day and still had to enter two passwords.
Rapidly? It's been like that for a while now... at least early 2008... https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=381420
Just for clarity on what this is about... on the Create New User screen of the installation wizard, there is a check-box that is checked by default: Use this password for system administrator
ah, got it, thanks Clayton. Yes, that is of course the first I always untick. It's obviously become so ingrained that I forget I do it :-( -- Per Jessen, Zürich (12.3°C) -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 6:58 AM, Clayton
Just for clarity on what this is about... on the Create New User screen of the installation wizard, there is a check-box that is checked by default: Use this password for system administrator
Okay, I would change the root password (by command) but another thing is that I created an user (during installation) with some name, say, 'name1' and after getting desktop of 'name1', I changed it name to 'name_new' but this is okay, but now when see the contents of '/home' (from the desktop/terminal prompt of the user 'name_new'), the directory of 'linux~' is also there, which user is this one...? Okay one more directory is for 'name_new' but for 'linux~', I don't know, how did it come into existence...? -- THX -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA1 On Friday, 2011-11-04 at 11:50 +0100, Per Jessen wrote:
Really? I wasn't aware of that. I'm sure I did a Factory install just the other day and still had to enter two passwords.
I haven't done a factory install yet (shame), but in 11.4 you need to click on a checkbox to have them separate.
Well, if you're right, the openSUSE attitude towards security is deteriorating rapidly.
The discussion on these mail lists was long and epic. - -- Cheers, Carlos E. R. (from 11.4 x86_64 "Celadon" at Telcontar) -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v2.0.16 (GNU/Linux) iEYEARECAAYFAk6zyXsACgkQtTMYHG2NR9VO4wCeO1qklK4HOS9McRaC0bBgfuTQ LvAAn0GTN9DCKvfFglZyPByndMhttlxU =/Rq7 -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Hello, On Nov 3 13:20 Linux Tyro wrote (excerpt):
1. My printer Samsung ML-1610, was not detected (still not getting detected) and I am not able to take the prints.. What should I do? When to Yast and tried for detection but that doesn't help..
See http://en.opensuse.org/SDB:How_to_Report_a_Printing_Issue On my openSUSE 11.4 system I find those PPDs: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ # lpinfo -m | grep -i samsung | grep -i 1610 OpenPrintingPPDs/ghostscript/Samsung-ML-1610.gdi.ppd.gz Samsung ML-1610 Foomatic/gdi samsung/ml1610.ppd.gz Samsung ML-1610, SpliX V. 2.0.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Therefore the Samsung ML-1610 should be supported by a Ghostscript driver via the first PPD from the OpenPrintingPPDs-ghostscript RPM and also by the SpliX driver in the splix RPM. Kind Regards Johannes Meixner -- SUSE LINUX Products GmbH -- Maxfeldstrasse 5 -- 90409 Nuernberg -- Germany HRB 16746 (AG Nuernberg) GF: Jeff Hawn, Jennifer Guild, Felix Imendoerffer -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 4:56 AM, Johannes Meixner
On my openSUSE 11.4 system I find those PPDs:
# lpinfo -m | grep -i samsung | grep -i 1610
This command gives no output in my case.
OpenPrintingPPDs/ghostscript/Samsung-ML-1610.gdi.ppd.gz Samsung ML-1610 Foomatic/gdi
samsung/ml1610.ppd.gz Samsung ML-1610, SpliX V. 2.0.0
Therefore the Samsung ML-1610 should be supported by a Ghostscript driver via the first PPD from the OpenPrintingPPDs-ghostscript RPM and also by the SpliX driver in the splix RPM.
But all this PPD..., but please can you give me step by step way to
install and make it work..I downloaded from net (somwhere, on some
website) this file 'ml1610unifiedlinuxdriverv2-00-90.gz' might be this
is the driver it needs.
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 5:00 AM, Rodney Baker
I also have an ML-1610 and it works well under Linux. There are a couple of pointers to getting it going. Samsung do have a Linux driver available for download on their website (at least they did - it has been 3-4 years since I downloaded it).
You may not need to download their driver though - I'm pretty sure its suppored by CUPS (Common Unix Printing System). Browse to http://localhost:631 and you should get to the CUPS administration page. Adding a printer is pretty straightforward. If you need more step-by-step directions just ask.
Yeah, sure please provdie step-by-step directions. What I tried:-
From yast -> hardware -> printing -> Add (new printer add wizard) -> samsung (ok it too) -> "No matching driver found. Change the search string or try 'Find More'."
However, I had downloaded, 'ml1610unifiedlinuxdriverv2-00-90.gz' but not able to use that, don't know.. -- THX -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Hello,
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 4:56 AM, Johannes Meixner
wrote: On my openSUSE 11.4 system I find those PPDs:
# lpinfo -m | grep -i samsung | grep -i 1610
This command gives no output in my case.
OpenPrintingPPDs/ghostscript/Samsung-ML-1610.gdi.ppd.gz Samsung ML-1610 Foomatic/gdi
samsung/ml1610.ppd.gz Samsung ML-1610, SpliX V. 2.0.0
Therefore the Samsung ML-1610 should be supported by a Ghostscript driver via the first PPD from the OpenPrintingPPDs-ghostscript RPM and also by the SpliX driver in the splix RPM.
Install both the OpenPrintingPPDs-ghostscript RPM and also the splix RPM, see the "Driver" section in http://en.opensuse.org/YaST_Printer ------------------------------------------------------------------- The Add New Printer Configuration Dialog ... Driver ... click the "Driver Packages" button to check whether or not you may have to install more printer driver software packages -------------------------------------------------------------------
I downloaded from net (somwhere, on some website) this file 'ml1610unifiedlinuxdriverv2-00-90.gz' might be this is the driver it needs.
I am afraid I cannot help with third-party software because I have no knowledge at all regarding those software. In general when you use third-party software you can usually only ask where you got the third-party software for help and support.
What I tried:-
From yast -> hardware -> printing -> Add (new printer add wizard) -> samsung (ok it too) -> "No matching driver found. Change the search string or try 'Find More'."
Install the above mentioned packages and then I assume a matching driver can be found. If there is still no matching driver found, simplify the search string in YaST so that more drivers match e.g. to only "samsung" or "1610" and then select the right driver manually, see the "Driver" section in http://en.opensuse.org/YaST_Printer Kind Regards Johannes Meixner -- SUSE LINUX Products GmbH -- Maxfeldstrasse 5 -- 90409 Nuernberg -- Germany HRB 16746 (AG Nuernberg) GF: Jeff Hawn, Jennifer Guild, Felix Imendoerffer
On Fri, 4 Nov 2011 03:50:56 Linux Tyro wrote:
HI,
I am very glad to say that I have installed openSUSE 11.4 finally and with it, I am glad that I have done it (the first Linux installation). Wow, it looks pretty cute, nice display. openSUSE is good but there are some issues which I definitely would be facing. Step by step I am writing it below. But before that I would thank to the creators and developers of openSUSE.
1. My printer Samsung ML-1610, was not detected (still not getting detected) and I am not able to take the prints.. What should I do? When to Yast and tried for detection but that doesn't help..
I also have an ML-1610 and it works well under Linux. There are a couple of pointers to getting it going. Samsung do have a Linux driver available for download on their website (at least they did - it has been 3-4 years since I downloaded it). You may not need to download their driver though - I'm pretty sure its suppored by CUPS (Common Unix Printing System). Browse to http://localhost:631 and you should get to the CUPS administration page. Adding a printer is pretty straightforward. If you need more step-by-step directions just ask. -- =================================================== Rodney Baker VK5ZTV rodney.baker@iinet.net.au =================================================== -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Hello, On Nov 4 19:30 Rodney Baker wrote (excerpt):
... printer Samsung ML-1610 ... ... I'm pretty sure its suppored by CUPS
No. CUPS neither provides printer drivers nor does CUPS provide software for the low-level communication with a printer device. The former is provided by Ghostscript usually together with printer driver software packages, see http://en.opensuse.org/Concepts_printing the latter is provided basically by the kernel and other low-level software, see http://en.opensuse.org/SDB:Installing_a_Printer Kind Regards Johannes Meixner -- SUSE LINUX Products GmbH -- Maxfeldstrasse 5 -- 90409 Nuernberg -- Germany HRB 16746 (AG Nuernberg) GF: Jeff Hawn, Jennifer Guild, Felix Imendoerffer -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On 11/03/2011 12:20 PM, Linux Tyro wrote:
HI,
I am very glad to say that I have installed openSUSE 11.4 finally and with it, I am glad that I have done it (the first Linux installation). Wow, it looks pretty cute, nice display. openSUSE is good but there are some issues which I definitely would be facing. Step by step I am writing it below. But before that I would thank to the creators and developers of openSUSE.
2. Just after the installation, music player was not working, however, I just opened the file 'codecs-kde.ymp' (after downloading it) and it said me some warnings like that of some other repositories....(looked to me as if it is like that....), like 'pacman' or something else and it WARNED me that 'it could crash your system' BUT I just accepted that (I cannot live without music!) and I guess openSUSE is made by so skilled persons, why not to accept that warning, I did that....Now the music is working (amarok, etc...) But is it dangerous (that something like ...'pacman'...website..) and it was directly importing some keys from their (I don't know for which keys it warned me...). So was it safe?
3. I created one user during installation and gave its password. Now, is this user [which has system administrative privileges (was written underneath the user when I created it)] having some sort of root powers ... or that is different? Since when I go to yast, it says me to enter the root password and I only enter the password of this created user (with which I log-in too) and yast works, so by default that is the password of root also? Or different (since I didn't set the root password and it is accepting that password..!). Or could root password be set separately..?
LT, Since you are obviously new to linux and opensuse, let me give you a couple of tips that will make working with linux much easier and working with opensuse a breeze. (1) For Multimedia (Music and DVD) playing and access, you must always enable the following 2 repositories that contain the players and various codecs needed to play multi-media files: Videolan Repository - http://download.videolan.org/pub/videolan/vlc/SuSE/11.4/ Packman Repository - http://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/misc/packman/suse/openSUSE_11.4/ (2) enable 'sudo' and 'su' access so you can run programs that require root permission from your *normal user* account by exercising root privileges *only* when you need it. The 2 tools you need are 'sudo' and 'su': sudo - 'Super User Do' example: to install a rpm you have downloaded: sudo rpm -Uvh name-of-rpm-1.2.3.i686.rpm su - 'Become Super User' (or any user with 'su username') from konsole or xterm, simply type 'su' and you change from your normal user to root (or any other user if you supply a username). Then you can execute or access any files needing root access and then simply type 'exit' to change back to your user. We will configure all of this from the command line. Open an xterm or konsole window so you have a command line in front of you. (I presume you have some sort of GUI desktop in front of you - kde/gnome/fluxbox) 'alt+F2 xterm' will work. Make the window big enough that it is comfortable to you. Then become root by typing 'su' and entering the root password. (you did enter one right) First, make yourself a member of the 'wheel' group. Use the 'groupmod' command as follows: groupmod -A yourUserName wheel confirm you were added to the wheel group with the following: [07:50 alchemy:~] # grep wheel /etc/group wheel:x:10:david ^^^^^ (yourUserName) To set up sudo access for members of the wheel group (you), do the following: in the same xterm (as root): type 'visudo' (that puts you in the vim editor editing the /etc/sudoers file -- always use 'visudo' to alter sudo privilege, do not edit the sudoers file by hand). Since you probably don't know vi, just do the following to uncomment the line needed: Press: shift+g - to move to the bottom of the file up arrow 4 times - to the line '#%wheel ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL' home - to make sure you are at the beginning of the line over the '#' del - to delete the '#' comment character it should now look like this: # Same thing without a password %wheel ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL then just type :wq - to 'write' (save) the file and 'quit' Done with sudo! Now as your normal user, you can do 'sudo anyCommand' and run any command as root from your normal user account. (note - learn the vi editor over time, it will serve you well on ANY linux/unix system) A good cheat sheet for vim is: http://www.tuxfiles.org/linuxhelp/vimcheat.html Finally set up su access without a password so you can become root from your normal user without a password as follows: sudo vi /etc/pam.d/su (to open the file in the vi editor) Now add the following 2 lines to the file: auth sufficient pam_wheel.so trust use_uid auth required pam_wheel.so use_uid (copy the lines by highlighting the 2 lines above and then alt+tab to the xterm with /etc/pam.d/su open in vi and press) i - puts vi in insert mode 'press the middle-mouse button down to paste the 2 lines into the file' (or just retype the lines there - use arrow keys to navigate) esc - takes vi out of input mode (and back into command mode) :wq - write and quit Done! Now you can su without a password from your normal user. Try it! Open a new xterm and just type 'su' - you should become root immediately without a password. Now granted, if you leave your workstation up while you are away without a screen lock, this is a security concern, but unless you work in the pentagon, or work with a bunch of mischievous linux nuts - the real world security concern is minimal to non-existent. These tips will save you a lot of work as you build and manage your linux system. Good luck. -- David C. Rankin, J.D.,P.E. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 9:22 AM, David C. Rankin
Since you are obviously new to linux and opensuse, let me give you a couple of tips that will make working with linux much easier and working with opensuse a breeze.
(1) For Multimedia (Music and DVD) playing and access, you must always enable the following 2 repositories that contain the players and various codecs needed to play multi-media files:
Videolan Repository - http://download.videolan.org/pub/videolan/vlc/SuSE/11.4/
Packman Repository - http://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/misc/packman/suse/openSUSE_11.4/
Well, I have added these two repositories.
(2) enable 'sudo' and 'su' access so you can run programs that require root permission from your *normal user* account by exercising root privileges *only* when you need it. The 2 tools you need are 'sudo' and 'su':
sudo - 'Super User Do'
example: to install a rpm you have downloaded:
sudo rpm -Uvh name-of-rpm-1.2.3.i686.rpm
su - 'Become Super User' (or any user with 'su username')
from konsole or xterm, simply type 'su' and you change from your normal user to root (or any other user if you supply a username). Then you can execute or access any files needing root access and then simply type 'exit' to change back to your user.
We will configure all of this from the command line. Open an xterm or konsole window so you have a command line in front of you. (I presume you have some sort of GUI desktop in front of you - kde/gnome/fluxbox) 'alt+F2 xterm' will work. Make the window big enough that it is comfortable to you. Then become root by typing 'su' and entering the root password. (you did enter one right)
First, make yourself a member of the 'wheel' group. Use the 'groupmod' command as follows:
groupmod -A yourUserName wheel
confirm you were added to the wheel group with the following:
[07:50 alchemy:~] # grep wheel /etc/group wheel:x:10:david ^^^^^ (yourUserName)
To set up sudo access for members of the wheel group (you), do the following:
in the same xterm (as root): type 'visudo' (that puts you in the vim editor editing the /etc/sudoers file -- always use 'visudo' to alter sudo privilege, do not edit the sudoers file by hand). Since you probably don't know vi, just do the following to uncomment the line needed:
Press:
shift+g - to move to the bottom of the file up arrow 4 times - to the line '#%wheel ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL' home - to make sure you are at the beginning of the line over the '#' del - to delete the '#' comment character
it should now look like this:
# Same thing without a password %wheel ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL
then just type
:wq - to 'write' (save) the file and 'quit'
Done with sudo! Now as your normal user, you can do 'sudo anyCommand' and run any command as root from your normal user account. (note - learn the vi editor over time, it will serve you well on ANY linux/unix system) A good cheat sheet for vim is: http://www.tuxfiles.org/linuxhelp/vimcheat.html
Yeah, now I need no password when I type, for example: sudo /sbin/reboot and it reboots.
Finally set up su access without a password so you can become root from your normal user without a password as follows:
sudo vi /etc/pam.d/su (to open the file in the vi editor)
Now add the following 2 lines to the file:
auth sufficient pam_wheel.so trust use_uid auth required pam_wheel.so use_uid
There was no 'trust' in the second line (for whatever reason...)
(copy the lines by highlighting the 2 lines above and then alt+tab to the xterm with /etc/pam.d/su open in vi and press)
i - puts vi in insert mode 'press the middle-mouse button down to paste the 2 lines into the file' (or just retype the lines there - use arrow keys to navigate) esc - takes vi out of input mode (and back into command mode) :wq - write and quit
Done! Now you can su without a password from your normal user. Try it! Open a new xterm and just type 'su' - you should become root immediately without a password.
For 'sudo' it worked but for 'su' I still need to enter the password. Another thing is that I created an user (during installation) with a name, say, 'name1' and after getting desktop of 'name1', I changed this name to 'name_new'. But now when see the contents of '/home', the directory of 'linux~' is also there, which user is this one...? One directory is for 'name_new', that's okay but for 'linux~', I don't know, how did it come into existence...? -- THX -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA1 On Friday, 2011-11-04 at 10:41 -0400, Linux Tyro wrote:
Videolan Repository - http://download.videolan.org/pub/videolan/vlc/SuSE/11.4/
Packman Repository - http://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/misc/packman/suse/openSUSE_11.4/
Well, I have added these two repositories.
The current recommendation is not to use Videolan, but "http://opensuse-guide.org/repo/11.4/" - because it has the only thing most users need, ie, libdvdcss. It should be possible to add automatically from "software repositories" in YaST. The rest of multimedia packages are obtainable from Packman. There are incompatibilities with videolan, it is said. - -- Cheers, Carlos E. R. (from 11.4 x86_64 "Celadon" at Telcontar) -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v2.0.16 (GNU/Linux) iEYEARECAAYFAk60AuEACgkQtTMYHG2NR9XW+gCgmXztcCiScGUnr/1q6AwVBZRK bHcAn28I/gY7pltX8EyVtfmCmiLfFF+i =xfRx -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 11:21 AM, Carlos E. R.
It says: Forbidden You don't have permission to access /repo/11.4/ on this server. -- THX -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA1 On Friday, 2011-11-04 at 11:32 -0400, Linux Tyro wrote:
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 11:21 AM, Carlos E. R. <> wrote:
It says:
Forbidden
You don't have permission to access /repo/11.4/ on this server.
Many repos are not browseable, but nevertheless they work. - -- Cheers, Carlos E. R. (from 11.4 x86_64 "Celadon" at Telcontar) -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v2.0.16 (GNU/Linux) iEYEARECAAYFAk611YwACgkQtTMYHG2NR9WRnQCgibLNMLGGM5MQYa/75YzmcL3l EAYAnRoJOl2e04PSvAIzr+1N/kjcbhXC =IHQj -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On Sat, Nov 5, 2011 at 8:32 PM, Carlos E. R. wrote:
It says:
Forbidden
You don't have permission to access /repo/11.4/ on this server.
Many repos are not browseable, but nevertheless they work.
Oh I see! -- THX -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On 11/04/2011 09:41 AM, Linux Tyro wrote:
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 9:22 AM, David C. Rankin
wrote: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
AYE YIE YIE! Please fix your e-mail client so it doesn't quote my (or anyone elses) full e-mail in your replies :) Spammers harvest e-mail address from these lists and it just means more junk mail for people trying to help you. I don't know why the idiots that set up mail clients set this as default. Let us know what mail client you are using and we'll tell you how to fix it...
Done! Now you can su without a password from your normal user. Try it! Open a new xterm and just type 'su' - you should become root immediately without a password.
For 'sudo' it worked but for 'su' I still need to enter the password.
The complete /etc/pam.d/su file should look like this: 10:34 alchemy:~> sudo cat /etc/pam.d/su #%PAM-1.0 auth sufficient pam_rootok.so auth sufficient pam_wheel.so trust use_uid auth required pam_wheel.so use_uid auth include common-auth account sufficient pam_rootok.so account include common-account password include common-password session include common-session session optional pam_xauth.so
Another thing is that I created an user (during installation) with a name, say, 'name1' and after getting desktop of 'name1', I changed this name to 'name_new'. But now when see the contents of '/home', the directory of 'linux~' is also there, which user is this one...? One directory is for 'name_new', that's okay but for 'linux~', I don't know, how did it come into existence...?
Dunno, My guess is that you created them somehow during the install. The easiest way to manage users on opensuse is with yast. So just do: sudo yast This will open the text version of yast and then just navigate to: Security and Users -> User and Group Management You can also just use the normal GUI interface for yast, but it is good to get familiar with the text interface in the event you ever need to manage your box remotely (over ssh, etc..). The text interface is very good and much easier to manage remotely. Once you get to User and Group Management, you will see the list of users installed on your box. Just add or delete or rename to your liking. But I wouldn't delete your own user. You can also do the same with the command line commands of: useradd userdel and usermod (and their group companions of groupadd groupdel and groupmod). You use the 'passwd' command to change the passwords from the command line. By default, if you su to root, you can change/reset any user password simply by issuing the command: passwd theUserName or just passwd (to change the current user/root's passwd) What yast User and Group Management does is manage the useradd/usermod/userdel, groupadd/groupmod/groupdel and passwd for you with its interface. Remember, working from the command line will give you the most flexibility, but Yast is pretty good for most uses. When you run into a command that you don't know the options for, in Linux you can usually just do: command --help or man command That will give you the help file or manual page for nearly all commands. E.g.: 10:47 alchemy:~> useradd --help Usage: useradd ... useradd - create a new user -c comment Set the GECOS field for the new account --show-defaults Print default values --save-defaults Save modified default values -D binddn Use dn "binddn" to bind to the LDAP directory -d homedir Home directory for the new user -e expire Date on which the new account will be disabled -f inactive Days after a password expires until account is disabled -G group,... List of supplementary groups -g gid Name/number of the users primary group -k skeldir Specify an alternative skel directory -m Create home directory for the new user -o Allow duplicate (non-unique) UID -P path Search passwd, shadow and group file in "path" -p password Encrypted password as returned by crypt(3) -u uid Force the new userid to be the given number -U umask Umask value used for creating home directory -r, --system Create a system account -s shell Name of the user's login shell --service srv Add account to nameservice 'srv' --help Give this help list --usage Give a short usage message -v, --version Print program version Valid services for --service are: files, ldap Revisit the su setup. It really is a time saver once you get it set up. One more note -- and I hate this about the recent openSuSE installs -- you must tell the installer to set a traditional root account and password during setup or it just creates a 'Super User' out of the user account used during install. That may be the problem with your su setup. I've never let the installer do that to me, so others will need to chime in on how to fix it. You may prefer the newfangled 'Super User' created by the installer, but I for one always want a traditional 'root' account and root password and then I want to create my 'user' accounts. Also, don't freak out about the user directories that get created under /home. They are just individual directories that hold the personal files for the users that get created. E.g.: 10:57 nirvana:~> ls -al /home total 84 drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Oct 10 23:08 . drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 4096 Oct 30 23:28 .. drwxr-x--- 4 david david 4096 Dec 30 2010 admin drwxr-xr-x 2 alan alan 4096 May 5 2011 alan drwxr-xr-x 2 anna anna 4096 May 5 2011 anna drwxr-xr-x 10 david david 4096 Oct 4 13:27 backup drwxr-x--- 48 david http 4096 Nov 4 10:57 david drwxr-xr-x 20 deborah dcr 4096 Aug 9 20:03 deborah drwxr-xr-x 2 dell dell 4096 May 5 2011 dell drwxr-xr-x 2 drr drr 4096 May 5 2011 drr drwxr-xr-x 4 david david 4096 Oct 10 23:08 dv drwxr-xr-x 8 jordan jordan 4096 Aug 10 17:04 jordan drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Jul 23 10:59 lost+found drwxr-xr-x 20 david david 4096 Jul 22 07:40 samba drwxr-xr-x 9 sydney sydney 4096 Aug 10 17:04 sydney drwxr-xr-x 14 zachry zachry 4096 Oct 23 22:03 zachry If there are users created that you no longer want, then delete the user in Yast or with userdel. If you use 'userdel -r' then the directory under /home will be deleted as well. If yast doesn't do that, then you can manually delete the directory after you remove the user. Good luck and good choice of openSuSE for your first linux install. -- David C. Rankin, J.D.,P.E. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 12:00 PM, David C. Rankin wrote:
AYE YIE YIE! Please fix your e-mail client so it doesn't quote my (or anyone elses) full e-mail in your replies :) Spammers harvest e-mail address from these lists and it just means more junk mail for people trying to help you. I don't know why the idiots that set up mail clients set this as default.
Ok it (gmail only) is doing that, but now I stop that, I really didn't know this.... I would just remove the address now..
Let us know what mail client you are using and we'll tell you how to fix it...
Definitely I would set up this, I would set-up whatever is the best and ask in case find problem(s) [probably yes].
The complete /etc/pam.d/su file should look like this:
10:34 alchemy:~> sudo cat /etc/pam.d/su #%PAM-1.0 auth sufficient pam_rootok.so auth sufficient pam_wheel.so trust use_uid auth required pam_wheel.so use_uid auth include common-auth account sufficient pam_rootok.so account include common-account password include common-password session include common-session session optional pam_xauth.so
Here it is- linuxworld@linux-g34l:~> sudo cat /etc/pam.d/su #%PAM-1.0 auth sufficient pam_rootok.so auth include common-auth account sufficient pam_rootok.so account include common-account password include common-password session include common-session session optional pam_xauth.so auth sufficient pam_wheel.so trust use_uid auth required pam_wheel.so use_uid Here I have two lines which show, 'pam_rootok.so' - 1) auth 2) account, is there any change required (means should I...?)
Another thing is that I created an user (during installation) with a name, say, 'name1' and after getting desktop of 'name1', I changed this name to 'name_new'. But now when see the contents of '/home', the directory of 'linux~' is also there, which user is this one...? One directory is for 'name_new', that's okay but for 'linux~', I don't know, how did it come into existence...?
Dunno,
My guess is that you created them somehow during the install. The easiest way to manage users on opensuse is with yast. So just do:
sudo yast
This will open the text version of yast and then just navigate to:
Security and Users -> User and Group Management
You can also just use the normal GUI interface for yast, but it is good to get familiar with the text interface in the event you ever need to manage your box remotely (over ssh, etc..). The text interface is very good and much easier to manage remotely.
Once you get to User and Group Management, you will see the list of users installed on your box. Just add or delete or rename to your liking. But I wouldn't delete your own user.
You can also do the same with the command line commands of: useradd userdel and usermod (and their group companions of groupadd groupdel and groupmod). You use the 'passwd' command to change the passwords from the command line. By default, if you su to root, you can change/reset any user password simply by issuing the command:
passwd theUserName
or just
passwd (to change the current user/root's passwd)
What yast User and Group Management does is manage the useradd/usermod/userdel, groupadd/groupmod/groupdel and passwd for you with its interface.
Remember, working from the command line will give you the most flexibility, but Yast is pretty good for most uses. When you run into a command that you don't know the options for, in Linux you can usually just do:
Yeah sure, I did that all, but there was no extra user except the user 'linuxworld' (this was the changed name I gave to the original user 'trialbox'. But when I do 'ls /home' its the output - linuxworld@linux-g34l:~> ls /home linux~ linuxworld lost+found So is it safe to manually delete 'linux~'... (probably I think yes...?) since it is not a user created by me!
command --help
or
man command
That will give you the help file or manual page for nearly all commands. E.g.:
10:47 alchemy:~> useradd --help Usage: useradd ... useradd - create a new user
-c comment Set the GECOS field for the new account --show-defaults Print default values --save-defaults Save modified default values -D binddn Use dn "binddn" to bind to the LDAP directory -d homedir Home directory for the new user -e expire Date on which the new account will be disabled -f inactive Days after a password expires until account is disabled -G group,... List of supplementary groups -g gid Name/number of the users primary group -k skeldir Specify an alternative skel directory -m Create home directory for the new user -o Allow duplicate (non-unique) UID -P path Search passwd, shadow and group file in "path" -p password Encrypted password as returned by crypt(3) -u uid Force the new userid to be the given number -U umask Umask value used for creating home directory -r, --system Create a system account -s shell Name of the user's login shell --service srv Add account to nameservice 'srv' --help Give this help list --usage Give a short usage message -v, --version Print program version Valid services for --service are: files, ldap
Revisit the su setup. It really is a time saver once you get it set up. One more note -- and I hate this about the recent openSuSE installs -- you must tell the installer to set a traditional root account and password during setup or it just creates a 'Super User' out of the user account used during install. That may be the problem with your su setup. I've never let the installer do that to me, so others will need to chime in on how to fix it.
Oh nice.
You may prefer the newfangled 'Super User' created by the installer, but I for one always want a traditional 'root' account and root password and then I want to create my 'user' accounts.
But whether it is installer creating the 'Super User' or it is traditional 'root', they both have all the powers - what I know, so the only error it may is that in this installation, by default, the 'root' is taking the exactly same password which the user was taking (during installation) and I changed the root's password by the command ('su', 'passwd'). So apart from it, is/are there more difference(s)...?
Also, don't freak out about the user directories that get created under /home. They are just individual directories that hold the personal files for the users that get created. E.g.:
10:57 nirvana:~> ls -al /home total 84 drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Oct 10 23:08 . drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 4096 Oct 30 23:28 .. drwxr-x--- 4 david david 4096 Dec 30 2010 admin drwxr-xr-x 2 alan alan 4096 May 5 2011 alan drwxr-xr-x 2 anna anna 4096 May 5 2011 anna drwxr-xr-x 10 david david 4096 Oct 4 13:27 backup drwxr-x--- 48 david http 4096 Nov 4 10:57 david drwxr-xr-x 20 deborah dcr 4096 Aug 9 20:03 deborah drwxr-xr-x 2 dell dell 4096 May 5 2011 dell drwxr-xr-x 2 drr drr 4096 May 5 2011 drr drwxr-xr-x 4 david david 4096 Oct 10 23:08 dv drwxr-xr-x 8 jordan jordan 4096 Aug 10 17:04 jordan drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Jul 23 10:59 lost+found drwxr-xr-x 20 david david 4096 Jul 22 07:40 samba drwxr-xr-x 9 sydney sydney 4096 Aug 10 17:04 sydney drwxr-xr-x 14 zachry zachry 4096 Oct 23 22:03 zachry
If there are users created that you no longer want, then delete the user in Yast or with userdel. If you use 'userdel -r' then the directory under /home will be deleted as well. If yast doesn't do that, then you can manually delete the directory after you remove the user.
Ah well.
Good luck and good choice of openSuSE for your first linux install.
In fact and frankly telling you, I have liked the openSUSE but because of different job, it seems a little bit typical (initially 'yes') but this is very good. If the policy of openSUSE, which is: "The openSUSE project explicitly looks beyond the technical community to the broader non-technical community of computer users interested in Linux." and as it is practically implemented too, I am glad to use it. On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 12:12 PM, David C. Rankin wrote:
Good, that probably means you are using kmail as the mail program. It mows the grass, but I prefer thunderbird... kmail on kde4 is still under heavy development. Just be glad you have kde 4.6.x or 4.7.x, as kde 4.0.x through 4.5.x were -- challenging -- to put it mildly...
Check the settings in kmail and find out where to turn off the quoting on the full e-mail in your replies -- see above..^^^ It should be under the options of what to quote in replies and forwards. I don't have kde4, so others will have to tell you exactly which setting controls this, but you are likely to draw a bit of ire from other users if you don't fix it :)
I am just using Firefox and in it 'gmail' but would see it.. If would set up the client, would go for Thunderbird.. Not last but a doubt is that when I type: linuxworld@linux-g34l:~> sudo yast sudo: yast: command not found it doesn't work, but when I do type the following: linuxworld@linux-g34l:~> sudo /sbin/yast it works, just wanted to know the basic difference, and the same when I used ' sudo reboot' (didn't work) but 'sudo /sbin/reboot' (worked). -- THX -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
* Linux Tyro
Not last but a doubt is that when I type:
linuxworld@linux-g34l:~> sudo yast sudo: yast: command not found
it doesn't work, but when I do type the following:
linuxworld@linux-g34l:~> sudo /sbin/yast
it works, just wanted to know the basic difference, and the same when I used ' sudo reboot' (didn't work) but 'sudo /sbin/reboot' (worked).
this is really simple, when you type a command w/o it's path, your system searches it's path, $PATH, for the command. It cannot find the command because your $PATH does not contain /sbin which is a path normally reserved for "root user", ie: require root password. you can display your path, $PATH echo $PATH -- (paka)Patrick Shanahan Plainfield, Indiana, USA HOG # US1244711 http://wahoo.no-ip.org Photo Album: http://wahoo.no-ip.org/gallery2 http://en.opensuse.org openSUSE Community Member Registered Linux User #207535 @ http://linuxcounter.net -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On 11/04/2011 12:26 PM, Linux Tyro wrote:
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 12:00 PM, David C. Rankin wrote: <snip> Ok it (gmail only) is doing that, but now I stop that, I really didn't know this.... I would just remove the address now..
Whew, thanks. (Sven, Will, All disregard my last post re: kmail) <snip>
The complete /etc/pam.d/su file should look like this:
10:34 alchemy:~> sudo cat /etc/pam.d/su #%PAM-1.0 auth sufficient pam_rootok.so auth sufficient pam_wheel.so trust use_uid auth required pam_wheel.so use_uid auth include common-auth account sufficient pam_rootok.so account include common-account password include common-password session include common-session session optional pam_xauth.so
Here it is-
linuxworld@linux-g34l:~> sudo cat /etc/pam.d/su #%PAM-1.0 auth sufficient pam_rootok.so auth include common-auth account sufficient pam_rootok.so account include common-account password include common-password session include common-session session optional pam_xauth.so auth sufficient pam_wheel.so trust use_uid auth required pam_wheel.so use_uid
Here I have two lines which show, 'pam_rootok.so' - 1) auth 2) account, is there any change required (means should I...?)
No those are fine - both are present in mine above... <snip>
Yeah sure, I did that all, but there was no extra user except the user 'linuxworld' (this was the changed name I gave to the original user 'trialbox'. But when I do 'ls /home' its the output -
linuxworld@linux-g34l:~> ls /home linux~ linuxworld lost+found
So is it safe to manually delete 'linux~'... (probably I think yes...?) since it is not a user created by me!
My guess is that is the user the live CD created when you first ran the live CD and installed openSuSE. What I would do is use yast to create a username you want on your box. "tyro" sounds like a good one for you :) I always like to create a group that is the same as the user to use as the user's primary group. (this tightens security preventing files created by everyone being owned by group 'user' by default) Suppose you want to create your user 'tyro' with a primary group of 'tyro' as well, if you want to do it from the command line, just do: sudo groupadd tyro sudo useradd -c "Linux Tyro" -m -g tyro -G wheel,user tyro sudo passwd tyro ** see 'useradd --help' for explanation of the options. now just logout and log back in as tyro. Then you can use yast and delete the other user accounts from within yast. Then check home with ls -l /home Post if you are unsure what you can delete. Otherwise, if you only want to keep the user account for tyro, just delete all directories except 'tyro' and 'lost+found' from the /home directory. The quick way is: cd /home sudo rm -r $(ls /home | grep -v "tyro\|lost+found") That will simply delete everything in home EXCEPT tyro and lost+found. Good Luck!
But whether it is installer creating the 'Super User' or it is traditional 'root', they both have all the powers - what I know, so the only error it may is that in this installation, by default, the 'root' is taking the exactly same password which the user was taking (during installation) and I changed the root's password by the command ('su', 'passwd'). So apart from it, is/are there more difference(s)...?
Correct, but everyone in the Linux community can help you based on a traditional root account, if that account is something line 'linuxuser' it's just going to inject additional confusion into the mix... <snip>
If there are users created that you no longer want, then delete the user in Yast or with userdel. If you use 'userdel -r' then the directory under /home will be deleted as well. If yast doesn't do that, then you can manually delete the directory after you remove the user.
Ah well.
Good luck and good choice of openSuSE for your first linux install.
In fact and frankly telling you, I have liked the openSUSE but because of different job, it seems a little bit typical (initially 'yes') but this is very good. If the policy of openSUSE, which is:
"The openSUSE project explicitly looks beyond the technical community to the broader non-technical community of computer users interested in Linux."
and as it is practically implemented too, I am glad to use it.
I am just using Firefox and in it 'gmail' but would see it.. If would
set up the client, would go for Thunderbird.. Not last but a doubt is that when I type: linuxworld@linux-g34l:~> sudo yast
sudo: yast: command not found it doesn't work, but when I do type the following: linuxworld@linux-g34l:~> sudo /sbin/yast it works, just wanted to know the basic difference, and the same when
I used ' sudo reboot' (didn't work) but 'sudo /sbin/reboot' (worked). Oops, sorry, I include /sbin in my path so I don't have to type the /sbin
part for programs in that directory. To do the same, just edit your
/home/yourUser/.bashrc and add it to your path like this:
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/sbin:/usr/sbin
Just put it anywhere toward the top of the file. Also, I like increasing the
size of my .bash-history file so if I ever forget a command, I can likely find
it in the last 15,000 I've typed :). Just include the following below the path
statement in .bashrc
export HISTFILESIZE=15000
export HISTSIZE=15000
There are literally hundreds of things you can do with .bashrc that can make
your life much easier in Linux. Explore as you have time. One thing you can do
is customize your command line prompt to your liking. Try the following in
.bashrc as your user prompt:
export PS1="\[\e[0;37m\]\A\[\e[1;34m\] \[\e[1;34m\]\h:\w> \[\e[0m\]"
and for root in root's .bashrc:
export PS1="\[\e[1;34m\][\[\e[1;31m\]\A
\[\e[1;34m\]\h\[\e[0;31m\]:\w\[\e[1;34m\]] # \[\e[0m\]"
You will need to source .bashrc again to see the change or just enter the
line without 'export ' at the command prompt. e.g.:
PS1="\[\e[0;37m\]\A\[\e[1;34m\] \[\e[1;34m\]\h:\w> \[\e[0m\]"
That will give you a prompt with the following format:
23:31 yourHostName:/home/admin/cnf>
The real benefit becomes apparent when you need to transfer files via ssh,
etc.. All you need do is copy the path from your prompt and then middle-mouse
click to paste it into the command line. eg.:
23:31 yourHostName:/home/admin/cnf>
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Good luck!
--
David C. Rankin, J.D.,P.E.
--
To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org
To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On Sat, Nov 5, 2011 at 12:40 AM, David C. Rankin wrote:
linuxworld@linux-g34l:~> sudo cat /etc/pam.d/su #%PAM-1.0 auth sufficient pam_rootok.so auth include common-auth account sufficient pam_rootok.so account include common-account password include common-password session include common-session session optional pam_xauth.so auth sufficient pam_wheel.so trust use_uid auth required pam_wheel.so use_uid
Here I have two lines which show, 'pam_rootok.so' - 1) auth 2) account, is there any change required (means should I...?)
No those are fine - both are present in mine above...
So what I do, I want that ease that typing 'su' changes the prompt to 'root' without all the times giving the password. Something still needs to be modified/changed/removed...? Since still it is asking for the password....
My guess is that is the user the live CD created when you first ran the live CD and installed openSuSE.
I have deleted completed this user ('linux~') and you are right since I had to delete also one file with name something like ...'livedesktop'...inside that. However, now it doesn't matter.
What I would do is use yast to create a username you want on your box. "tyro" sounds like a good one for you :) I always like to create a group that is the same as the user to use as the user's primary group.
Okay.
(this tightens security preventing files created by everyone being owned by group 'user' by default)
This means that, group 'user' has its files different from every one and only that 'tyro' (and the root, of course) could see (since it had been of group 'tyro'), is it like that...?
Suppose you want to create your user 'tyro' with a primary group of 'tyro' as well, if you want to do it from the command line, just do:
sudo groupadd tyro sudo useradd -c "Linux Tyro" -m -g tyro -G wheel,user tyro sudo passwd tyro
Here, should there be or not (I don't know) any gap between comma and / or user) But it is saying an error: linuxworld@linux-g34l:~/Music/old superhits> sudo groupadd tyro linuxworld@linux-g34l:~/Music/old superhits> > sudo useradd -c "LinuxTyro" -m -g tyro -G wheel,user tyro useradd: Unknown group `user'.
** see 'useradd --help' for explanation of the options.
now just logout and log back in as tyro. Then you can use yast and delete the other user accounts from within yast. Then check home with
So if the above user is created (after getting created, when I don't get the above error), this user 'linuxtyro' would have the same privileges like that of the user 'linuxworld' (created during the installation), is it like this....? Since it is also of the group 'wheel', the users of which have the power to run 'sudo' without being offered a root password and switching to su doesn't prompt password for them (after resolving that error too)...?
ls -l /home
Post if you are unsure what you can delete. Otherwise, if you only want to keep the user account for tyro, just delete all directories except 'tyro' and 'lost+found' from the /home directory. The quick way is:
cd /home sudo rm -r $(ls /home | grep -v "tyro\|lost+found")
That will simply delete everything in home EXCEPT tyro and lost+found.
But what this 'lost+found' is? It doesn't get deleted..?
Good Luck!
Thanks.
Correct, but everyone in the Linux community can help you based on a traditional root account, if that account is something line 'linuxuser' it's just going to inject additional confusion into the mix...
Oh, 'linuxworld' (or 'linuxuser', whatever) is not the root but has privileges of system administration, does it mean that? But even when I go to yast (GUI), I need to enter the root's password (which I changed after installation, since in the beginning it was the same as that of 'linuxworld' user) and it does only ROOT password not the linuxworld password, even though while installation, it declared the created user as having the system admin privileges.
It's a damn good distro. It's had its share of bumps over the years, but comparatively speaking, it is by far the best distro for all-around use you will find.
Sure and the most important part is the good community too where technical people can help anybody. I like SUSE.
it works, just wanted to know the basic difference, and the same when I used ' sudo reboot' (didn't work) but 'sudo /sbin/reboot' (worked).
Oops, sorry, I include /sbin in my path so I don't have to type the /sbin part for programs in that directory. To do the same, just edit your /home/yourUser/.bashrc and add it to your path like this:
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/sbin:/usr/sbin
Just put it anywhere toward the top of the file. Also, I like increasing the size of my .bash-history file so if I ever forget a command, I can likely find it in the last 15,000 I've typed :). Just include the following below the path statement in .bashrc
export HISTFILESIZE=15000 export HISTSIZE=15000
I have added 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/sbin:/usr/sbin' line to the top of the file /home/linuxworld/.bashrc and yes now it doesn't need /sbin prefix! But I am sure it is only for this user since we have edited only the file (.bashrc) of this 'linuxworld' user.
There are literally hundreds of things you can do with .bashrc that can make your life much easier in Linux. Explore as you have time. One thing you can do is customize your command line prompt to your liking. Try the following in .bashrc as your user prompt:
export PS1="\[\e[0;37m\]\A\[\e[1;34m\] \[\e[1;34m\]\h:\w> \[\e[0m\]"
Just typed this (above) line at the command prompt without export, and the colour of the user 'linuxworld' (written) changed to violet, what does it mean? Is it becoming root or something like that?
and for root in root's .bashrc:
export PS1="\[\e[1;34m\][\[\e[1;31m\]\A \[\e[1;34m\]\h\[\e[0;31m\]:\w\[\e[1;34m\]] # \[\e[0m\]"
You will need to source .bashrc again to see the change or just enter the line without 'export ' at the command prompt. e.g.:
PS1="\[\e[0;37m\]\A\[\e[1;34m\] \[\e[1;34m\]\h:\w> \[\e[0m\]"
That will give you a prompt with the following format:
23:31 yourHostName:/home/admin/cnf>
The real benefit becomes apparent when you need to transfer files via ssh, etc.. All you need do is copy the path from your prompt and then middle-mouse click to paste it into the command line. eg.:
23:31 yourHostName:/home/admin/cnf> ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Oh I see. On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 3:56 PM, Patrick Shanahan wrote:
this is really simple, when you type a command w/o it's path, your system searches it's path, $PATH, for the command. It cannot find the command because your $PATH does not contain /sbin which is a path normally reserved for "root user", ie: require root password.
you can display your path, $PATH echo $PATH
Oh, I see. -- THX -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Linux Tyro said the following on 11/05/2011 06:26 AM:
This means that, group 'user' has its files different from every one and only that 'tyro' (and the root, of course) could see (since it had been of group 'tyro'), is it like that...?
No. You seem confused., that wording is .... Users and groups are mapped to access. It's about access permissions. Users belong to groups; users can belong to more than one group. Groups don't "own" files; users own files. Files have access permissions - which user owns them. Groups are not a way of classifying or categorising files; we don't groups and associate files by group. The 'groups' is a sharing mechanism. Its about access control. I strongly suggest you read the relevant sections of the books and ebooks you've been referred to. That will go into matters in more depth and cross reference to other sections of the book about command for altering a files groups, permissions, a users groups and permission, and more. This forum is not meant to be a substitute for a text book about the fundamentals of Linux. Please download the e-books that have been mentioned and study them or get a book on Linux fundamentals from Amazon/Chapters/Barnes or your local library. -- Telling the future by looking at the past assumes that conditions remain constant. This is like driving a car by looking in the rear view mirror. - Herb Brody -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On Sat, Nov 5, 2011 at 7:48 AM, Anton Aylward
No. You seem confused., that wording is ....
I request you to either please let me get through David. C, he explained very nice and good, I was in fact asking him only because this was the middle of a long-going-on query, so it may lead to some other path if you tell something different. don't take it otherwise. -- THX -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Linux Tyro said the following on 11/05/2011 06:26 AM:
Here, should there be or not (I don't know) any gap between comma and / or user) But it is saying an error:
linuxworld@linux-g34l:~/Music/old superhits> sudo groupadd tyro linuxworld@linux-g34l:~/Music/old superhits> > sudo useradd -c "LinuxTyro" -m -g tyro -G wheel,user tyro useradd: Unknown group `user'.
Please consult a textbook - you've been referred to many, about groups, or google for this. PLEASE take some initiative in finding out before asking here. We are not a substitute for a textbook. http://www.google.com/search?q=linux+groups will give you answers to all those questions. -- There is no greater mistake than the hasty conclusion that opinions are worthless because they are badly argued. Thomas H. Huxley -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Linux Tyro said the following on 11/05/2011 06:26 AM:
That will simply delete everything in home EXCEPT tyro and lost+found. But what this 'lost+found' is? It doesn't get deleted..?
If you had read the ebook we referred you to earlier, the section on file systems would have explained that. Alternatively you could have googled and the first his would have been http://tldp.org/LDP/Linux-Filesystem-Hierarchy/html/lostfound.html PLEASE take some initiative and research matters for yourself. You will learn better that way than using this forum as a crutch. -- Watch your thoughts; they become words. Watch your words; they become actions. Watch your actions; they become habits. Watch your habits; they become character. Watch your character; it becomes your destiny. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Linux Tyro said the following on 11/05/2011 06:26 AM:
Oh, 'linuxworld' (or 'linuxuser', whatever) is not the root but has privileges of system administration, does it mean that?
NO! Root has uid=0. Other users don't. Other users may belong to a group which permits them, by one means or other, to have administration privileges granted to them. For example: (hypothetical to illustrate the point) There is a group 'lp' There are programs that are used to administer the printer system. These should not be run by ordinary users. So the will have access -rwxr-x--- root lp ..... However if you don't want to give out the root password to the guy who administers the printers, then you can add him to the 'lp' group. This technique was explained over two decades ago in a USENIX paper "Life Without Root". http://www.ussrback.com/docs/papers/unix/noroot.ps This approach is suited to larger systems where there will be delegation. It is too complex to implement for all possible forms of delegation in most sites! However it does illustrated well the point of group permissions. Now the example David gave is 'the-same-but-different'. The 'wheel' group is a historic tradition http://www.google.com?=linux+wheel+group that allows, via other methods, a group of users to be granted the ability to 'su' to root without the need for the root password. There are a number of mechanisms for this. The historic one was in 'sudo'. Later, PAM allowed for specific commands. Originally the mechanism prompted the user for his own password rather than the root password. (If you use the same password for both then this is a moot point.) If you googled, you would find specific instructions http://administratosphere.wordpress.com/2007/09/10/wheel-group-and-fedora-re... and explanations http://alien.slackbook.org/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=linux:admin http://foldoc.org/wheel+bit Of course you could have RTFM http://linux.die.net/man/8/pam_wheel Of course you could have found out all this by googling or by reading one of the books or e-books we've referred you to.
But even when I go to yast (GUI), I need to enter the root's password (which I changed after installation, since in the beginning it was the same as that of 'linuxworld' user) and it does only ROOT password not the linuxworld password, even though while installation, it declared the created user as having the system admin privileges.
-- Growth for the sake of growth is the ideology of the cancer cell. - Edward Abbey -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On Sat, Nov 5, 2011 at 8:28 AM, Anton Aylward wrote: <snip>... Yeah thanks. I would google. -- THX -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Linux Tyro said the following on 11/05/2011 08:33 AM:
On Sat, Nov 5, 2011 at 8:28 AM, Anton Aylward wrote:
<snip>...
Yeah thanks. I would google.
It is a good habit to develop. -- The user's going to pick dancing pigs over security every time. -- Bruce Schneier -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Linux Tyro said the following on 11/05/2011 06:26 AM:
I have added 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/sbin:/usr/sbin' line to the top of the file /home/linuxworld/.bashrc and yes now it doesn't need /sbin prefix! But I am sure it is only for this user since we have edited only the file (.bashrc) of this 'linuxworld' user.
David may do this, but on the whole I disapprove. One of the problems with (older versions of) Windows is that an ordinary user can carry out admin tasks. This not only lets inexperienced user suffer 'finger trouble', but allows malware to execute privileged commands by simply getting an ordinary user to execute them, often without the user knowing. (aka spawning off into the background) This is a bad habit and sets bad precedence. You may not care. Most users (of Windows systems) don't seem to care; perhaps that's why so many Windows systems end up as zombies. Having to run 'sudo' and be prompted for a password and having to give the proper path may seem an inconvenience, but it is a discipline and protocol for a reason should not be flouted without an understanding of why this is not the the normal setting, why there is the separation of root and user access. Making Linux behave like Windows is not a good habit to develop. -- The man who trades freedom for security does not deserve nor will he ever receive either -- Benjamin Franklin -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On Sat, Nov 5, 2011 at 12:40 AM, David C. Rankin wrote: Please if you have time, step by step, let me know as like you said me previously, I was getting but confused here in the following:--
linuxworld@linux-g34l:~> sudo cat /etc/pam.d/su #%PAM-1.0 auth sufficient pam_rootok.so auth include common-auth account sufficient pam_rootok.so account include common-account password include common-password session include common-session session optional pam_xauth.so auth sufficient pam_wheel.so trust use_uid auth required pam_wheel.so use_uid
Here I have two lines which show, 'pam_rootok.so' - 1) auth 2) account, is there any change required (means should I...?)
No those are fine - both are present in mine above...
So what I do, I want that ease that typing 'su' changes the prompt to 'root' without all the times giving the password. Something still needs to be modified/changed/removed...? Since still it is asking for the password....
My guess is that is the user the live CD created when you first ran the live CD and installed openSuSE.
I have deleted completed this user ('linux~') and you are right since I had to delete also one file with name something like ...'livedesktop'...inside that. However, now it doesn't matter.
What I would do is use yast to create a username you want on your box. "tyro" sounds like a good one for you :) I always like to create a group that is the same as the user to use as the user's primary group.
Okay.
(this tightens security preventing files created by everyone being owned by group 'user' by default)
This means that, group 'user' has its files different from every one and only that 'tyro' (and the root, of course) could see (since it had been of group 'tyro'), is it like that...?
Suppose you want to create your user 'tyro' with a primary group of 'tyro' as well, if you want to do it from the command line, just do:
sudo groupadd tyro sudo useradd -c "Linux Tyro" -m -g tyro -G wheel,user tyro sudo passwd tyro
Here, should there be or not (I don't know) any gap between comma and / or user) But it is saying an error: linuxworld@linux-g34l:~/Music/old superhits> sudo groupadd tyro linuxworld@linux-g34l:~/Music/old superhits> > sudo useradd -c "LinuxTyro" -m -g tyro -G wheel,user tyro useradd: Unknown group `user'.
** see 'useradd --help' for explanation of the options.
now just logout and log back in as tyro. Then you can use yast and delete the other user accounts from within yast. Then check home with
So if the above user is created (after getting created, when I don't get the above error), this user 'linuxtyro' would have the same privileges like that of the user 'linuxworld' (created during the installation), is it like this....? Since it is also of the group 'wheel', the users of which have the power to run 'sudo' without being offered a root password and switching to su doesn't prompt password for them (after resolving that error too)...?
ls -l /home
Post if you are unsure what you can delete. Otherwise, if you only want to keep the user account for tyro, just delete all directories except 'tyro' and 'lost+found' from the /home directory. The quick way is:
cd /home sudo rm -r $(ls /home | grep -v "tyro\|lost+found")
That will simply delete everything in home EXCEPT tyro and lost+found.
But what this 'lost+found' is? It doesn't get deleted..?
Good Luck!
Thanks.
Correct, but everyone in the Linux community can help you based on a traditional root account, if that account is something line 'linuxuser' it's just going to inject additional confusion into the mix...
Oh, 'linuxworld' (or 'linuxuser', whatever) is not the root but has privileges of system administration, does it mean that? But even when I go to yast (GUI), I need to enter the root's password (which I changed after installation, since in the beginning it was the same as that of 'linuxworld' user) and it does only ROOT password not the linuxworld password, even though while installation, it declared the created user as having the system admin privileges.
It's a damn good distro. It's had its share of bumps over the years, but comparatively speaking, it is by far the best distro for all-around use you will find.
Sure and the most important part is the good community too where technical people can help anybody. I like SUSE.
it works, just wanted to know the basic difference, and the same when I used ' sudo reboot' (didn't work) but 'sudo /sbin/reboot' (worked).
Oops, sorry, I include /sbin in my path so I don't have to type the /sbin part for programs in that directory. To do the same, just edit your /home/yourUser/.bashrc and add it to your path like this:
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/sbin:/usr/sbin
Just put it anywhere toward the top of the file. Also, I like increasing the size of my .bash-history file so if I ever forget a command, I can likely find it in the last 15,000 I've typed :). Just include the following below the path statement in .bashrc
export HISTFILESIZE=15000 export HISTSIZE=15000
I have added 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/sbin:/usr/sbin' line to the top of the file /home/linuxworld/.bashrc and yes now it doesn't need /sbin prefix! But I am sure it is only for this user since we have edited only the file (.bashrc) of this 'linuxworld' user.
There are literally hundreds of things you can do with .bashrc that can make your life much easier in Linux. Explore as you have time. One thing you can do is customize your command line prompt to your liking. Try the following in .bashrc as your user prompt:
export PS1="\[\e[0;37m\]\A\[\e[1;34m\] \[\e[1;34m\]\h:\w> \[\e[0m\]"
Just typed this (above) line at the command prompt without export, and the colour of the user 'linuxworld' (written) changed to violet, what does it mean? Is it becoming root or something like that?
and for root in root's .bashrc:
export PS1="\[\e[1;34m\][\[\e[1;31m\]\A \[\e[1;34m\]\h\[\e[0;31m\]:\w\[\e[1;34m\]] # \[\e[0m\]"
You will need to source .bashrc again to see the change or just enter the line without 'export ' at the command prompt. e.g.:
PS1="\[\e[0;37m\]\A\[\e[1;34m\] \[\e[1;34m\]\h:\w> \[\e[0m\]"
That will give you a prompt with the following format:
23:31 yourHostName:/home/admin/cnf>
The real benefit becomes apparent when you need to transfer files via ssh, etc.. All you need do is copy the path from your prompt and then middle-mouse click to paste it into the command line. eg.:
23:31 yourHostName:/home/admin/cnf> ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Oh I see. On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 3:56 PM, Patrick Shanahan wrote:
this is really simple, when you type a command w/o it's path, your system searches it's path, $PATH, for the command. It cannot find the command because your $PATH does not contain /sbin which is a path normally reserved for "root user", ie: require root password.
you can display your path, $PATH echo $PATH
Oh, I see. -- THX -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Linux Tyro said the following on 11/05/2011 08:35 AM:
So if the above user is created (after getting created, when I don't get the above error), this user 'linuxtyro' would have the same privileges like that of the user 'linuxworld' (created during the installation), is it like this....? Since it is also of the group 'wheel', the users of which have the power to run 'sudo' without being offered a root password and switching to su doesn't prompt password for them (after resolving that error too)...?
It may be clear to you what you're asking but not to me. You seem to be conflating a number of ideas. Users are different; they have different uids. That the whole point of different users, not just putting them in different home directories. They have different IDs so they can own their own files. One cannot, unless permission is granted, red or modify the files of the other. So no, they don't have the same privileged. You seem very, very, confused about what a group is. The semantics are much the same as in English. Users belong to groups, it is a way of associating them. Groups do not 'own' anything. It is a mechanism for sharing. If two or more users belong to the "projectone" group they can share files to the exclusion of the the members of the "projecttwo" group. Despite that, one user might belong to both groups and be able to access both sets of files. Its about access control. Please read a basic text, one of the books, e-books or an article on the principles of access control under Linux you can find by googling. -- Many people would rather die than think; in fact, most do. --Bertrand Russell -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On Sat, Nov 5, 2011 at 8:52 AM, Anton Aylward
Users are different; they have different uids.
Yeah, that is correct, but when I added the user to do that particular task only, then it should that thing only. Further, when switching to su, it still asks me the password, so how do I again edit those files... I understand this all will take much time and it is Linux. -- THX -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Linux Tyro said the following on 11/05/2011 08:59 AM:
Yeah, that is correct, but when I added the user to do that particular task only, then it should that thing only.
I'm sorry, that makes no sense to me. *I* know how to set up an account so that on login it runs one program, only one program, then exits and logs out, but I don't see anything in this thread asking for that. What do you really mean by "do that particular task only, then it should that thing only".
Further, when switching to su, it still asks me the password, so how do I again edit those files...
Yes. That's what should happen with those settings. Having the ability to su without a password is HIGH RISK. Its like running as root all the time and introduces all the security problems were are trying to get away from with Windows (XP and earlier) There are good reasons to make you stop and think about executing things as root. Especially at your level of experience and understanding. Heck, even I don't set my self up for a high risk situation like that and I've been doing this for decades! -- The use of COBOL cripples the mind; its teaching should, therefore,be regarded as a criminal offence. -- E.W. Dijkstra -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 9:22 AM, David C. Rankin
I presume you have some sort of GUI desktop in front of you
I am having KDE desktop and other details are architecture as x86_64 with openSUSE 11.4 (installed via Live CD). -- THX -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On 11/04/2011 09:46 AM, Linux Tyro wrote:
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 9:22 AM, David C. Rankin
wrote: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ I presume you have some sort of GUI desktop in front of you
I am having KDE desktop and other details are architecture as x86_64 with openSUSE 11.4 (installed via Live CD).
Good, that probably means you are using kmail as the mail program. It mows the grass, but I prefer thunderbird... kmail on kde4 is still under heavy development. Just be glad you have kde 4.6.x or 4.7.x, as kde 4.0.x through 4.5.x were -- challenging -- to put it mildly... Check the settings in kmail and find out where to turn off the quoting on the full e-mail in your replies -- see above..^^^ It should be under the options of what to quote in replies and forwards. I don't have kde4, so others will have to tell you exactly which setting controls this, but you are likely to draw a bit of ire from other users if you don't fix it :) -- David C. Rankin, J.D.,P.E. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Am Freitag, 4. November 2011, 11:12:25 schrieb David C. Rankin:
Good, that probably means you are using kmail as the mail program. It mows the grass, but I prefer thunderbird... kmail on kde4 is still under heavy development. Just be glad you have kde 4.6.x or 4.7.x, as kde 4.0.x through 4.5.x were -- challenging -- to put it mildly...
Check the settings in kmail and find out where to turn off the quoting on the full e-mail in your replies -- see above..^^^ It should be under the options of what to quote in replies and forwards. I don't have kde4, so others will have to tell you exactly which setting controls this, but you are likely to draw a bit of ire from other users if you don't fix it :)
I am a kmail user for several years and never saw that behaviour (that the full mail address is quoted) by default. This mail is written with kmail2 and it also does not do that by default (though it adds the response with a line which is localized as you see at the top, same as the old kmail did by default). The template for a response can be edited in in the mail settings (editor settings, templates) which show me a %OFROMNAME not a %OFROMADDR for the response. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On 11/04/2011 11:21 AM, Martin Helm wrote:
Am Freitag, 4. November 2011, 11:12:25 schrieb David C. Rankin:
Good, that probably means you are using kmail as the mail program. It mows the grass, but I prefer thunderbird... kmail on kde4 is still under heavy development. Just be glad you have kde 4.6.x or 4.7.x, as kde 4.0.x through 4.5.x were -- challenging -- to put it mildly...
Check the settings in kmail and find out where to turn off the quoting on the full e-mail in your replies -- see above..^^^ It should be under the options of what to quote in replies and forwards. I don't have kde4, so others will have to tell you exactly which setting controls this, but you are likely to draw a bit of ire from other users if you don't fix it :)
I am a kmail user for several years and never saw that behaviour (that the full mail address is quoted) by default. This mail is written with kmail2 and it also does not do that by default (though it adds the response with a line which is localized as you see at the top, same as the old kmail did by default). The template for a response can be edited in in the mail settings (editor settings, templates) which show me a %OFROMNAME not a %OFROMADDR for the response.
Martin,
Thanks. I know in the past when I beta'ed kde4, I saw this behavior and I had
to turn it off. You are lucky that your templates seem to be a bit more sane. I
wonder if the OP's install from the live CD had anything to do with it? I know
kdepim/kmail2 has been very fluid lately. No telling which version made it on
the live CD he has. The bottom line is the OP needs to fix the template to
prevent disclosure of the full e-mail for the person he is replying to on the list.
Every time the OP replies to the list, the top of his message contains eg:
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 9:22 AM, David C. Rankin
Am Freitag, 4. November 2011, 13:47:27 schrieb David C. Rankin:
The template for a response can be edited in in the mail settings (editor settings, templates) which show me a %OFROMNAME not a %OFROMADDR for the response.
Martin,
Thanks. I know in the past when I beta'ed kde4, I saw this behavior and I had to turn it off. Strange, I use it for at least 8 years (kde 3.x and all versions of 4.x which was real fun in a sarcastic sense), but I can remeber that some versions simply had no templates at all which I could use or threw away my existing ones and all such things. I can imagine that what you describe is of course possible. You are lucky that your templates seem to be a bit more sane. As I said I had all kinds of oddities over the years not only with templates, but luckily not the desribed one. I wonder if the OP's install from the live CD had anything to do with it? I know kdepim/kmail2 has been very fluid lately. The OP uses gmail so it is not kmail at all.
How to change that in kmail I tried to point to in my last mail, the editor settings and the templates there are directly accessible via the menu, but as the OP already told us that he/she had to change it in gmail not kmail. So I close now my off topic comment on that issue, I do not intend to hijack this thread. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On 2011/11/04 08:22 (GMT-0500) David C. Rankin composed:
(1) For Multimedia (Music and DVD) playing and access, you must always enable the following 2 repositories that contain the players and various codecs needed to play multi-media files:
Videolan Repository - http://download.videolan.org/pub/videolan/vlc/SuSE/11.4/
I found SMplayer preferable to VLC some months ago, and NAICT don't need the Videolan repo any more.
Packman Repository - http://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/misc/packman/suse/openSUSE_11.4/
Everything SMplayer needs is here NAICT. -- "The wise are known for their understanding, and pleasant words are persuasive." Proverbs 16:21 (New Living Translation) Team OS/2 ** Reg. Linux User #211409 ** a11y rocks! Felix Miata *** http://fm.no-ip.com/ -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Am Freitag, 4. November 2011, 12:31:23 schrieb Felix Miata:
I found SMplayer preferable to VLC some months ago, and NAICT don't need the Videolan repo any more.
You also do not need the videolan repo for vlc, since vlc is also shipped via packman (I use that vlc version from packman). -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 12:36 PM, Martin Helm wrote:
You also do not need the videolan repo for vlc, since vlc is also shipped via packman (I use that vlc version from packman).
I have added both the URLs, viz., Videolan Repository - http://download.videolan.org/pub/videolan/vlc/SuSE/11.4/ Packman Repository - http://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/misc/packman/suse/openSUSE_11.4/ And installed the VLC media player (after putting it in search field). Now music files of all format are working in it (like, .mp4, .flv, .mpg, .mpeg, .DAT, .mp3). But I really didn't know (but there must be some method) from which location was this VLC installed from Packman or the other one, but now I have removed the Videolan repository URL, and VLC is still working. Does this necessarily mean that VLC was installed from Packman repository? -- THX -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
Am Freitag, 4. November 2011, 14:01:51 schrieb Linux Tyro:
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 12:36 PM, Martin Helm wrote:
You also do not need the videolan repo for vlc, since vlc is also shipped via packman (I use that vlc version from packman).
I have added both the URLs, viz.,
Videolan Repository - http://download.videolan.org/pub/videolan/vlc/SuSE/11.4/
Packman Repository - http://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/linux/misc/packman/suse/openSUSE_11.4/
And installed the VLC media player (after putting it in search field). Now music files of all format are working in it (like, .mp4, .flv, .mpg, .mpeg, .DAT, .mp3). But I really didn't know (but there must be some method) from which location was this VLC installed from Packman or the other one, but now I have removed the Videolan repository URL, and VLC is still working. Does this necessarily mean that VLC was installed from Packman repository?
No, when a repository is removed no package from it will be uninstalled and no package will swith its vendor. Simply open yast software management and search for vlc, in the versions tab you can see from which repository it is. -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On Fri, Nov 4, 2011 at 2:37 PM, Martin Helm
No, when a repository is removed no package from it will be uninstalled and no package will swith its vendor. Simply open yast software management and search for vlc, in the versions tab you can see from which repository it is.
Ah well, got to know that it is from 'Packman' repositories. But again I am facing the problem that my vlc media player and kaffeine is not working! I again added the vlc rempository but still I cannot play the music! Earlier it was working well now not...! -- THX -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
On 11/4/2011 9:22 AM, David C. Rankin wrote:
sudo - 'Super User Do'
example: to install a rpm you have downloaded:
sudo rpm -Uvh name-of-rpm-1.2.3.i686.rpm
su - 'Become Super User' (or any user with 'su username')
I was about to say "No it means switch user!" But then: http://pthree.org/2009/12/31/the-meaning-of-su/ I guess I better not. ;) -- bkw -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: opensuse+unsubscribe@opensuse.org To contact the owner, e-mail: opensuse+owner@opensuse.org
participants (14)
-
Anton Aylward
-
Basil Chupin
-
Brian K. White
-
Carlos E. R.
-
Clayton
-
David C. Rankin
-
Felix Miata
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jdd
-
Johannes Meixner
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Linux Tyro
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Martin Helm
-
Patrick Shanahan
-
Per Jessen
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Rodney Baker